你可以在Promise.prototype中添加一个方法。它是这样的:

编辑:第一个解决方案不能正常工作，就像这里的大多数答案一样。它返回“pending”直到异步函数“。然后”被调用，这不是立即发生的。(使用Promise.race的解决方案也是如此)。我的第二个解决方案解决了这个问题。

if (window.Promise) {
    Promise.prototype.getState = function () {
        if (!this.state) {
            this.state = "pending";
            var that = this;
            this.then(
                function (v) {
                    that.state = "resolved";
                    return v;
                },
                function (e) {
                    that.state = "rejected";
                    return e;
                });
        }
        return this.state;
    };
}

你可以在任何承诺上使用它。为例:

myPromise = new Promise(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.getState()); // pending|resolved|rejected

第二个(也是正确的)解决方案:

if (window.Promise) {
    Promise.stateable = function (func) {
        var state = "pending";
        var pending = true;
        var newPromise = new Promise(wrapper);
        newPromise.state = state;
        return newPromise;
        function wrapper(resolve, reject) {
            func(res, rej);
            function res(e) {
                resolve(e);
                if (pending) {
                    if (newPromise)
                        newPromise.state = "resolved";
                    else
                        state = "resolved";
                    pending = false;
                }
            }
            function rej(e) {
                reject(e);
                if (pending) {
                    if (newPromise)
                        newPromise.state = "rejected";
                    else
                        state = "rejected";
                    pending = false;
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

并使用它:

注意:在这个解决方案中，您不必使用“new”操作符。

myPromise = Promise.stateable(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.state); // pending|resolved|rejected

注意:此方法使用未文档化的Node.js内部构件，可以在没有警告的情况下进行更改。

在Node中，你可以使用process.binding('util')来同步确定promise的状态。getPromiseDetails(/* promise */);

这将返回:

[0，]表示未决，

[1， /* value */]表示已实现，或

[2， /* value */]表示拒绝。

const pending = new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(() => resolve('yakko')));;
const fulfilled = Promise.resolve('wakko');
const rejected = Promise.reject('dot');

[pending, fulfilled, rejected].forEach(promise => {
  console.log(process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(promise));
});

// pending:   [0, ]
// fulfilled: [1, 'wakko']
// rejected:  [2, 'dot']

将其包装到一个helper函数中:

const getStatus = promise => ['pending', 'fulfilled', 'rejected'][
  process.binding('util').getPromiseDetails(promise)[0]
];

getStatus(pending); // pending
getStatus(fulfilled); // fulfilled
getStatus(rejected); // rejected

你能做的就是使用一个变量来存储状态，手动将状态设置为那个变量，然后检查那个变量。

var state = 'pending';

new Promise(function(ff, rjc) {
  //do something async

  if () {//if success
    state = 'resolved';

    ff();//
  } else {
    state = 'rejected';

    rjc();
  }
});

console.log(state);//check the state somewhere else in the code

当然，这意味着您必须能够访问承诺的原始代码。如果你没有，那么你可以这样做:

var state = 'pending';

//you can't access somePromise's code
somePromise.then(function(){
  state = 'resolved';
}, function() {
  state = 'rejected';
})

console.log(state);//check the promise's state somewhere else in the code

我的解决方案是编写更多的代码，但我认为您可能不必对使用的每个承诺都这样做。

老问题有很多答案，但似乎没有一个建议我认为是最简单的解决方案:在承诺解决/拒绝上设置bool指示器。

类Promise2 { 构造函数(args) { let promise = new promise(…args); promise.then(() => promise。_resolved_ = true); promise.catch(() => promise。_rejected_ = true); 返回的诺言; ｝ ｝ let p = new promise (r => setTimeout(r, 3000)); setInterval(() => { Console.log('正在同步检查p是否已解析?”,p._resolved_); }, 1000);

这是我使用的将来模式:(https://github.com/Smallscript-Corp)

启用同步和异步fn使用 使事件模式与异步行为统一

class XPromise extends Promise {
  state = 'pending'
  get settled() {return(this.state !== 'pending')}
  resolve(v,...a) {
    this.state = 'resolved'
    return(this.resolve_(this.value = v,...a))
  }
  reject(e,...a) {
    this.state = 'rejected'
    return(this.reject_(this.value = (e instanceof Error) ? e : XPromise.Error(e),...a))
  }
  static Error(e) {const v = Error('value-rejected'); v.value = e; return(v)}
  static Future(fn,...args) { // FactoryFn
    let r,t,fv = new XPromise((r_,t_) => {r=r_;t=t_})
    fv.resolve_ = r; fv.reject_  = t;
    switch(typeof fn) {
      case 'undefined': break; case 'function': fn(fv,...args); break;
      default: fv.resolve(fn)
    }
    return(fv)
  }
}
global.Future = XPromise.Future

然后你可以创建可以使用同步和异步函数来解决的未来价值实例;支持统一处理事件。

你可以用它来写一个像这样的模式:

async doSomething() {
  // Start both - logically async-parallel
  const fvIsNetworkOnLine = this.fvIsNetworkOnline
  const fvAuthToken = this.fvAuthToken
  // await both (order not critical since both started/queued above)
  await fvAuthToken
  await fvIsNetworkOnLine
  // ... we can check the future values here if needed `fv.resolved`, `fv.state` etc
  // ... do dependent workflow here ...
}
onNetworkOnLine(fIsOnline) {
  // We utilize the `fv.settled` below, and use the event to `settle` it etc
  if(fIsOnline) {
    if(this.fvNetworkAvailable_)
      this.fvNetworkAvailable_.resolve(true)
    this.fvNetworkAvailable_ = undefined
  }
  else if(this.fvNetworkAvailable_.settled) {
    this.fvNetworkAvailable_ = undefined
  }
}
get fvNetworkAvailable() {
  if(navigator.onLine)
    return true
  else if(this.fvNetworkAvailable_)
    return this.fvNetworkAvailable_
  return (this.fvNetworkAvailable_ = Future())
}
get fvAuthToken() {
  if(this.fvAuthToken_)
    return this.fvAuthToken_
  const authTokenFv = async fv => {
    // ... handle retry logic etc here ...
  }
  return(this.fvAuthToken_ = Future(authTokenFv))
}

这里是一个更充实的QueryablePromise的es6版本，允许在第一次解析后进行链接和捕获，并立即解析或拒绝以保持api与本机Promise一致。

const PROMISE = Symbol('PROMISE') const tap = fn => x => (fn(x), x) const trace = label => tap(x => console.log(label, x)) class QueryablePromise { resolved = false rejected = false fulfilled = false catchFns = [] constructor(fn) { this[PROMISE] = new Promise(fn) .then(tap(() => { this.fulfilled = true this.resolved = true })) .catch(x => { this.fulfilled = true this.rejected = true return Promise.reject(x) }) } then(fn) { this[PROMISE].then(fn) return this } catch(fn) { this[PROMISE].catch(fn) return this } static resolve(x) { return new QueryablePromise((res) => res(x)) } static reject(x) { return new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => rej(x)) } } const resolvedPromise = new QueryablePromise((res) => { setTimeout(res, 200, 'resolvedPromise') }) const rejectedPromise = new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => { setTimeout(rej, 200, 'rejectedPromise') }) // ensure our promises have not been fulfilled console.log('test 1 before: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 before: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) setTimeout(() => { // check to see the resolved status of our promise console.log('test 1 after: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 after: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) }, 300) // make sure we can immediately resolve a QueryablePromise const immediatelyResolvedPromise = QueryablePromise.resolve('immediatelyResolvedPromise') // ensure we can chain then .then(trace('test 3 resolved')) .then(trace('test 3 resolved 2')) .catch(trace('test 3 rejected')) // make sure we can immediately reject a QueryablePromise const immediatelyRejectedPromise = QueryablePromise.reject('immediatelyRejectedPromise') .then(trace('test 4 resolved')) .catch(trace('test 4 rejected')) <script src="https://codepen.io/synthet1c/pen/KyQQmL.js"></script>