我有一个纯JavaScript承诺(内置实现或poly-fill):
var promise = new promise(函数(解析，拒绝){/*…* /});
从规范来看，Promise可以是:
" settle "和" resolved " “解决”和“拒绝” “等待”
我有一个用例，我希望同步审问承诺并确定:
承诺达成了吗? 如果是，承诺解决了吗?
我知道我可以使用#then()来安排在Promise改变状态后异步执行的工作。我不是在问你该怎么做。
这个问题是关于Promise状态的同步询问。我怎样才能做到这一点呢?
当前回答
你可以在Promise.prototype中添加一个方法。它是这样的:
编辑:第一个解决方案不能正常工作，就像这里的大多数答案一样。它返回“pending”直到异步函数“。然后”被调用，这不是立即发生的。(使用Promise.race的解决方案也是如此)。我的第二个解决方案解决了这个问题。
if (window.Promise) {
Promise.prototype.getState = function () {
if (!this.state) {
this.state = "pending";
var that = this;
this.then(
function (v) {
that.state = "resolved";
return v;
},
function (e) {
that.state = "rejected";
return e;
});
}
return this.state;
};
}
你可以在任何承诺上使用它。为例:
myPromise = new Promise(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.getState()); // pending|resolved|rejected
第二个(也是正确的)解决方案:
if (window.Promise) {
Promise.stateable = function (func) {
var state = "pending";
var pending = true;
var newPromise = new Promise(wrapper);
newPromise.state = state;
return newPromise;
function wrapper(resolve, reject) {
func(res, rej);
function res(e) {
resolve(e);
if (pending) {
if (newPromise)
newPromise.state = "resolved";
else
state = "resolved";
pending = false;
}
}
function rej(e) {
reject(e);
if (pending) {
if (newPromise)
newPromise.state = "rejected";
else
state = "rejected";
pending = false;
}
}
}
};
}
并使用它:
注意:在这个解决方案中，您不必使用“new”操作符。
myPromise = Promise.stateable(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.state); // pending|resolved|rejected
其他回答
你可以在Promise.prototype中添加一个方法。它是这样的:
编辑:第一个解决方案不能正常工作，就像这里的大多数答案一样。它返回“pending”直到异步函数“。然后”被调用，这不是立即发生的。(使用Promise.race的解决方案也是如此)。我的第二个解决方案解决了这个问题。
if (window.Promise) {
Promise.prototype.getState = function () {
if (!this.state) {
this.state = "pending";
var that = this;
this.then(
function (v) {
that.state = "resolved";
return v;
},
function (e) {
that.state = "rejected";
return e;
});
}
return this.state;
};
}
你可以在任何承诺上使用它。为例:
myPromise = new Promise(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.getState()); // pending|resolved|rejected
第二个(也是正确的)解决方案:
if (window.Promise) {
Promise.stateable = function (func) {
var state = "pending";
var pending = true;
var newPromise = new Promise(wrapper);
newPromise.state = state;
return newPromise;
function wrapper(resolve, reject) {
func(res, rej);
function res(e) {
resolve(e);
if (pending) {
if (newPromise)
newPromise.state = "resolved";
else
state = "resolved";
pending = false;
}
}
function rej(e) {
reject(e);
if (pending) {
if (newPromise)
newPromise.state = "rejected";
else
state = "rejected";
pending = false;
}
}
}
};
}
并使用它:
注意:在这个解决方案中，您不必使用“new”操作符。
myPromise = Promise.stateable(myFunction);
console.log(myPromise.state); // pending|resolved|rejected
我发现这个解决方案很简单，并且允许我继续使用本机承诺，但添加了有用的同步检查。我也不需要动用整个承诺库。
注意:只有在当前执行线程中出现某种中断，允许promise在检查同步结构之前执行时，这才有效。这使得它比我最初想象的用处更有限——尽管对我的用例仍然有用(感谢Benjamin Gruenbaum指出这一点)。
/**
* This function allow you to modify a JS Promise by adding some status properties.
* Based on: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21485545/is-there-a-way-to-tell-if-an-es6-promise-is-fulfilled-rejected-resolved
* But modified according to the specs of promises : https://promisesaplus.com/
*/
function MakeQuerablePromise(promise) {
// Don't modify any promise that has been already modified.
if (promise.isFulfilled) return promise;
// Set initial state
var isPending = true;
var isRejected = false;
var isFulfilled = false;
// Observe the promise, saving the fulfillment in a closure scope.
var result = promise.then(
function(v) {
isFulfilled = true;
isPending = false;
return v;
},
function(e) {
isRejected = true;
isPending = false;
throw e;
}
);
result.isFulfilled = function() { return isFulfilled; };
result.isPending = function() { return isPending; };
result.isRejected = function() { return isRejected; };
return result;
}
wrappedPromise = MakeQueryablePromise(Promise.resolve(3));
setTimeout(function() {console.log(wrappedPromise.isFulfilled())}, 1);
来自https://ourcodeworld.com/articles/read/317/how-to-check-if-a-javascript-promise-has-been-fulfilled-rejected-or-resolved，他们的答案是:是否有一种方法来判断一个ES6承诺是否被履行/拒绝/解决?
你能做的就是使用一个变量来存储状态，手动将状态设置为那个变量，然后检查那个变量。
var state = 'pending';
new Promise(function(ff, rjc) {
//do something async
if () {//if success
state = 'resolved';
ff();//
} else {
state = 'rejected';
rjc();
}
});
console.log(state);//check the state somewhere else in the code
当然，这意味着您必须能够访问承诺的原始代码。如果你没有，那么你可以这样做:
var state = 'pending';
//you can't access somePromise's code
somePromise.then(function(){
state = 'resolved';
}, function() {
state = 'rejected';
})
console.log(state);//check the promise's state somewhere else in the code
我的解决方案是编写更多的代码，但我认为您可能不必对使用的每个承诺都这样做。
我为此做了一个包裹。与这里的大多数其他答案不同，它不会接受未经处理的拒绝。
npm install p-state
import timers from 'timers/promises';
import {promiseStateSync} from 'p-state';
const timeoutPromise = timers.setTimeout(100);
console.log(promiseStateSync(timeoutPromise));
//=> 'pending'
await timeoutPromise;
console.log(promiseStateSync(timeoutPromise));
//=> 'fulfilled'
你可以和Promise.resolve赛跑 它不是同步的，但现在就发生了
function promiseState(p, isPending, isResolved, isRejected) {
Promise.race([p, Promise.resolve('a value that p should not return')]).then(function(value) {
if (value == 'a value that p should not return') {
(typeof(isPending) === 'function') && isPending();
}else {
(typeof(isResolved) === 'function') && isResolved(value);
}
}, function(reason) {
(typeof(isRejected) === 'function') && isRejected(reason);
});
}
一个用于测试的小脚本，并理解异步的含义
var startTime = Date.now() - 100000;//padding trick "100001".slice(1) => 00001
function log(msg) {
console.log((""+(Date.now() - startTime)).slice(1) + ' ' + msg);
return msg;//for chaining promises
};
function prefix(pref) { return function (value) { log(pref + value); return value; };}
function delay(ms) {
return function (value) {
var startTime = Date.now();
while(Date.now() - startTime < ms) {}
return value;//for chaining promises
};
}
setTimeout(log, 0,'timeOut 0 ms');
setTimeout(log, 100,'timeOut 100 ms');
setTimeout(log, 200,'timeOut 200 ms');
var p1 = Promise.resolve('One');
var p2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { setTimeout(resolve, 100, "Two"); });
var p3 = Promise.reject("Three");
p3.catch(delay(200)).then(delay(100)).then(prefix('delayed L3 : '));
promiseState(p1, prefix('p1 Is Pending '), prefix('p1 Is Resolved '), prefix('p1 Is Rejected '));
promiseState(p2, prefix('p2 Is Pending '), prefix('p2 Is Resolved '), prefix('p2 Is Rejected '));
promiseState(p3, prefix('p3 Is Pending '), prefix('p3 Is Resolved '), prefix('p3 Is Rejected '));
p1.then(prefix('Level 1 : ')).then(prefix('Level 2 : ')).then(prefix('Level 3 : '));
p2.then(prefix('Level 1 : ')).then(prefix('Level 2 : ')).then(prefix('Level 3 : '));
p3.catch(prefix('Level 1 : ')).then(prefix('Level 2 : ')).then(prefix('Level 3 : '));
log('end of promises');
delay(100)();
log('end of script');
延迟(0)的结果(注释在延迟中的while)
00001 end of promises
00001 end of script
00001 Level 1 : One
00001 Level 1 : Three
00001 p1 Is Resolved One
00001 p2 Is Pending undefined
00001 p3 Is Rejected Three
00001 Level 2 : One
00001 Level 2 : Three
00001 delayed L3 : Three
00002 Level 3 : One
00002 Level 3 : Three
00006 timeOut 0 ms
00100 timeOut 100 ms
00100 Level 1 : Two
00100 Level 2 : Two
00101 Level 3 : Two
00189 timeOut 200 ms
与firefox(chrome保持顺序)测试的结果
00000 end of promises
00100 end of script
00300 Level 1 : One
00300 Level 1 : Three
00400 p1 Is Resolved One
00400 p2 Is Pending undefined
00400 p3 Is Rejected Three
00400 Level 2 : One
00400 Level 2 : Three
00400 delayed L3 : Three
00400 Level 3 : One
00400 Level 3 : Three
00406 timeOut 0 ms
00406 timeOut 100 ms
00406 timeOut 200 ms
00406 Level 1 : Two
00407 Level 2 : Two
00407 Level 3 : Two
promise estate make .race and .then:第二级
