不，没有同步API，但这是我的async承诺(在@Matthijs的帮助下):

函数promiseState(p) { Const t = {}; 回报的承诺。种族([p t]) .then(v => (v == t)?"pending": " completed "， () => "rejected"); ｝ var a = Promise.resolve(); var b = Promise.reject(); var c = new Promise(() => {}); promiseState (a)。Then (state => console.log(state));/ /实现 promiseState (b)。Then (state => console.log(state));/ /拒绝 promiseState (c)。Then (state => console.log(state));/ /等待

如果你正在使用ES7实验版，你可以使用async轻松地包装你想要收听的承诺。

async function getClient() {
  let client, resolved = false;
  try {
    client = await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      let client = new Client();

      let timer = setTimeout(() => {
         reject(new Error(`timeout`, 1000));
         client.close();
      });

      client.on('ready', () => {
        if(!resolved) {
          clearTimeout(timer);
          resolve(client);
        }
      });

      client.on('error', (error) => {
        if(!resolved) {
          clearTimeout(timer);
          reject(error);
        }
      });

      client.on('close', (hadError) => {
        if(!resolved && !hadError) {
          clearTimeout(timer);
          reject(new Error("close"));
        }
      });
    });

    resolved = true;
  } catch(error) {
    resolved = true;
    throw error;
  }
  return client;
}

这里是一个更充实的QueryablePromise的es6版本，允许在第一次解析后进行链接和捕获，并立即解析或拒绝以保持api与本机Promise一致。

const PROMISE = Symbol('PROMISE') const tap = fn => x => (fn(x), x) const trace = label => tap(x => console.log(label, x)) class QueryablePromise { resolved = false rejected = false fulfilled = false catchFns = [] constructor(fn) { this[PROMISE] = new Promise(fn) .then(tap(() => { this.fulfilled = true this.resolved = true })) .catch(x => { this.fulfilled = true this.rejected = true return Promise.reject(x) }) } then(fn) { this[PROMISE].then(fn) return this } catch(fn) { this[PROMISE].catch(fn) return this } static resolve(x) { return new QueryablePromise((res) => res(x)) } static reject(x) { return new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => rej(x)) } } const resolvedPromise = new QueryablePromise((res) => { setTimeout(res, 200, 'resolvedPromise') }) const rejectedPromise = new QueryablePromise((_, rej) => { setTimeout(rej, 200, 'rejectedPromise') }) // ensure our promises have not been fulfilled console.log('test 1 before: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 before: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) setTimeout(() => { // check to see the resolved status of our promise console.log('test 1 after: is resolved', resolvedPromise.resolved) console.log('test 2 after: is rejected', rejectedPromise.rejected) }, 300) // make sure we can immediately resolve a QueryablePromise const immediatelyResolvedPromise = QueryablePromise.resolve('immediatelyResolvedPromise') // ensure we can chain then .then(trace('test 3 resolved')) .then(trace('test 3 resolved 2')) .catch(trace('test 3 rejected')) // make sure we can immediately reject a QueryablePromise const immediatelyRejectedPromise = QueryablePromise.reject('immediatelyRejectedPromise') .then(trace('test 4 resolved')) .catch(trace('test 4 rejected')) <script src="https://codepen.io/synthet1c/pen/KyQQmL.js"></script>

2019:

据我所知，做到这一点的简单方法是thenable，超薄包装承诺或任何异步作业。

const sleep = (t) => new Promise(res => setTimeout(res,t));
const sleeping = sleep(30);

function track(promise){
    let state = 'pending';
    promise = promise.finally( _=> state ='fulfilled');
    return {
        get state(){return state},
        then: promise.then.bind(promise), /*thentable*/
        finally:promise.finally.bind(promise),
        catch:promise.catch.bind(promise),
    }
}


promise = track(sleeping);
console.log(promise.state) // pending

promise.then(function(){
    console.log(promise.state); // fulfilled
})

从Node.js版本8开始，您现在可以使用智能检查包来同步检查本机承诺(没有任何危险的黑客)。

你能做的就是使用一个变量来存储状态，手动将状态设置为那个变量，然后检查那个变量。

var state = 'pending';

new Promise(function(ff, rjc) {
  //do something async

  if () {//if success
    state = 'resolved';

    ff();//
  } else {
    state = 'rejected';

    rjc();
  }
});

console.log(state);//check the state somewhere else in the code

当然，这意味着您必须能够访问承诺的原始代码。如果你没有，那么你可以这样做:

var state = 'pending';

//you can't access somePromise's code
somePromise.then(function(){
  state = 'resolved';
}, function() {
  state = 'rejected';
})

console.log(state);//check the promise's state somewhere else in the code

我的解决方案是编写更多的代码，但我认为您可能不必对使用的每个承诺都这样做。