我所见过的关于流的最好解释是SICP的第3章。(你可能需要阅读前两章才能理解，但无论如何你都应该这样做。: -)

它们对字节根本不使用sterams，而是整数。我从中得到的要点是:

流是延迟列表 在某些情况下，急于提前计算所有内容的计算开销是惊人的 我们可以用流来表示无限长的序列

之所以选择“流”这个词，是因为它(在现实生活中)与我们使用它时想要传达的意思非常相似。

Start thinking about the analogy to a water stream. You receive a continuous flow of data, just like water continuously flows in a river. You don't necessarily know where the data is coming from, and most often you don't need to; be it from a file, a socket, or any other source, it doesn't (shouldn't) really matter. This is very similar to receiving a stream of water, whereby you don't need to know where it is coming from; be it from a lake, a fountain, or any other source, it doesn't (shouldn't) really matter. source

流是字节序列的抽象。其思想是，您不需要知道字节来自何处，只需以标准化的方式读取它们。

例如，如果你通过流处理数据，那么数据来自文件、网络连接、字符串、数据库中的blob等等，对你的代码来说都无关紧要。

与备份存储本身交互本身并没有什么问题，除了它将您绑定到备份存储实现。

A stream is a highly abstracted metaphor and a strict contract. It means that you can manipulate objects in sequence without concern about gaps. That is to say, a stream must have no vacuum or gaps. Objects in it are arranged in sequence one by one continuously. As a result, we don't have to worry about encountering a vacuum abruptly in the midst of processing a stream, or we can't leave a vacuum deliberately when producing a stream. In other words, we don't have to consider the case of a void in processing or producing a stream. There is no way we can come across it or produce it on purpose. If you are constructing a stream, you must not leave any gaps in the stream.

换句话说，如果有一个缺口，它一定不是一个流。当您将序列称为流时，要么您被保证其中没有空白，要么您必须信守您所生成的序列中没有空白的承诺。

回顾一下，想象一条水流。它最大的特点是什么?

连续!

溪流的抽象精神就是关于它的。

流已经是一个比喻，一个类比，所以真的没有必要再提供另一个。你可以把它想象成一个管道，里面有水流，水实际上是数据，管道是流。我认为这是一种双向管道如果流是双向的。它基本上是一种常见的抽象，用于在一个或两个方向上有数据流或数据序列的事物。

In languages such as C#, VB.Net, C++, Java etc., the stream metaphor is used for many things. There are file streams, in which you open a file and can read from the stream or write to it continuously; There are network streams where reading from and writing to the stream reads from and writes to an underlying established network connection. Streams for writing only are typically called output streams, as in this example, and similarly, streams that are for reading only are called input streams, as in this example.

流可以执行数据的转换或编码(例如，.Net中的SslStream将耗尽SSL协商数据并将其隐藏起来;TelnetStream可能对您隐藏Telnet协商，但提供对数据的访问;Java中的ZipOutputStream允许您写入zip归档中的文件，而不必担心zip文件格式的内部问题。

您可能会发现的另一个常见的东西是允许您编写字符串而不是字节的文本流，或者一些语言提供了允许您编写基本类型的二进制流。您将在文本流中发现一个常见的东西是字符编码，您应该知道这一点。

一些流还支持随机访问，如本例所示。另一方面，由于显而易见的原因，网络流不会。

MSDN很好地概述了。net中的流。 Sun还概述了他们的通用OutputStream类和InputStream类。 在c++中，这里有istream(输入流)，ostream(输出流)和iostream(双向流)文档。

类似UNIX的操作系统也支持带有程序输入和输出的流模型，如下所述。

我所见过的关于流的最好解释是SICP的第3章。(你可能需要阅读前两章才能理解，但无论如何你都应该这样做。: -)

它们对字节根本不使用sterams，而是整数。我从中得到的要点是:

流是延迟列表 在某些情况下，急于提前计算所有内容的计算开销是惊人的 我们可以用流来表示无限长的序列