使用SQL Server,我如何分割一个字符串,以便我可以访问项目x?

拿一根“你好,约翰·史密斯”的绳子。我如何通过空格分割字符串并访问索引1应该返回“约翰”的项目?


当前回答

虽然类似于josejuan基于XML的回答,但我发现只处理一次XML路径,然后旋转稍微更有效:

select ID,
    [3] as PathProvidingID,
    [4] as PathProvider,
    [5] as ComponentProvidingID,
    [6] as ComponentProviding,
    [7] as InputRecievingID,
    [8] as InputRecieving,
    [9] as RowsPassed,
    [10] as InputRecieving2
    from
    (
    select id,message,d.* from sysssislog cross apply       ( 
          SELECT Item = y.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'varchar(200)'),
              row_number() over(order by y.i) as rn
          FROM 
          ( 
             SELECT x = CONVERT(XML, '<i>' + REPLACE(Message, ':', '</i><i>') + '</i>').query('.')
          ) AS a CROSS APPLY x.nodes('i') AS y(i)
       ) d
       WHERE event
       = 
       'OnPipelineRowsSent'
    ) as tokens 
    pivot 
    ( max(item) for [rn] in ([3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10]) 
    ) as data

8:30开始

select id,
tokens.value('(/n[3])', 'varchar(100)')as PathProvidingID,
tokens.value('(/n[4])', 'varchar(100)') as PathProvider,
tokens.value('(/n[5])', 'varchar(100)') as ComponentProvidingID,
tokens.value('(/n[6])', 'varchar(100)') as ComponentProviding,
tokens.value('(/n[7])', 'varchar(100)') as InputRecievingID,
tokens.value('(/n[8])', 'varchar(100)') as InputRecieving,
tokens.value('(/n[9])', 'varchar(100)') as RowsPassed
 from
(
    select id, Convert(xml,'<n>'+Replace(message,'.','</n><n>')+'</n>') tokens
         from sysssislog 
       WHERE event
       = 
       'OnPipelineRowsSent'
    ) as data

9点20分跑

其他回答

好吧,我的代码并不那么简单,但下面是我用来将逗号分隔的输入变量分割为单个值,并将其放入表变量中的代码。我相信您可以稍微修改一下,根据空格进行分割,然后对该表变量执行基本的SELECT查询以获得结果。

-- Create temporary table to parse the list of accounting cycles.
DECLARE @tblAccountingCycles table
(
    AccountingCycle varchar(10)
)

DECLARE @vchAccountingCycle varchar(10)
DECLARE @intPosition int

SET @vchAccountingCycleIDs = LTRIM(RTRIM(@vchAccountingCycleIDs)) + ','
SET @intPosition = CHARINDEX(',', @vchAccountingCycleIDs, 1)

IF REPLACE(@vchAccountingCycleIDs, ',', '') <> ''
BEGIN
    WHILE @intPosition > 0
    BEGIN
        SET @vchAccountingCycle = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(@vchAccountingCycleIDs, @intPosition - 1)))
        IF @vchAccountingCycle <> ''
        BEGIN
            INSERT INTO @tblAccountingCycles (AccountingCycle) VALUES (@vchAccountingCycle)
        END
        SET @vchAccountingCycleIDs = RIGHT(@vchAccountingCycleIDs, LEN(@vchAccountingCycleIDs) - @intPosition)
        SET @intPosition = CHARINDEX(',', @vchAccountingCycleIDs, 1)
    END
END

概念是差不多的。另一种选择是利用SQL Server 2005本身的. net兼容性。实际上,您可以在. net中编写一个简单的方法,将字符串分割,然后将其作为存储过程/函数公开。

我使用弗雷德里克的答案,但这在SQL Server 2005中不起作用

我修改了它,我使用select with union all,它可以工作

DECLARE @str varchar(max)
SET @str = 'Hello John Smith how are you'

DECLARE @separator varchar(max)
SET @separator = ' '

DECLARE @Splited table(id int IDENTITY(1,1), item varchar(max))

SET @str = REPLACE(@str, @separator, ''' UNION ALL SELECT ''')
SET @str = ' SELECT  ''' + @str + '''  ' 

INSERT INTO @Splited
EXEC(@str)

SELECT * FROM @Splited

结果集是:

id  item
1   Hello
2   John
3   Smith
4   how
5   are
6   you

我不相信SQL Server有内置的分裂函数,所以除了UDF,我知道的唯一其他答案是劫持PARSENAME函数:

SELECT PARSENAME(REPLACE('Hello John Smith', ' ', '.'), 2) 

PARSENAME接受一个字符串,并根据句点分隔它。它接受一个数字作为第二个参数,该数字指定要返回字符串的哪一部分(从后到前工作)。

SELECT PARSENAME(REPLACE('Hello John Smith', ' ', '.'), 3)  --return Hello

明显的问题是当字符串已经包含句点时。我仍然认为使用UDF是最好的方式……还有其他建议吗?

几乎所有其他答案都是替换正在分割的字符串,这浪费了CPU周期并执行不必要的内存分配。

我在这里介绍了一种更好的进行字符串拆分的方法:http://www.digitalruby.com/split-string-sql-server/

代码如下:

SET NOCOUNT ON

-- You will want to change nvarchar(MAX) to nvarchar(50), varchar(50) or whatever matches exactly with the string column you will be searching against
DECLARE @SplitStringTable TABLE (Value nvarchar(MAX) NOT NULL)
DECLARE @StringToSplit nvarchar(MAX) = 'your|string|to|split|here'
DECLARE @SplitEndPos int
DECLARE @SplitValue nvarchar(MAX)
DECLARE @SplitDelim nvarchar(1) = '|'
DECLARE @SplitStartPos int = 1

SET @SplitEndPos = CHARINDEX(@SplitDelim, @StringToSplit, @SplitStartPos)

WHILE @SplitEndPos > 0
BEGIN
    SET @SplitValue = SUBSTRING(@StringToSplit, @SplitStartPos, (@SplitEndPos - @SplitStartPos))
    INSERT @SplitStringTable (Value) VALUES (@SplitValue)
    SET @SplitStartPos = @SplitEndPos + 1
    SET @SplitEndPos = CHARINDEX(@SplitDelim, @StringToSplit, @SplitStartPos)
END

SET @SplitValue = SUBSTRING(@StringToSplit, @SplitStartPos, 2147483647)
INSERT @SplitStringTable (Value) VALUES(@SplitValue)

SET NOCOUNT OFF

-- You can select or join with the values in @SplitStringTable at this point.

使用SQL Server 2016及以上版本。使用这段代码修剪字符串,忽略NULL值,并按正确的顺序应用行索引。它也适用于空格分隔符:

DECLARE @STRING_VALUE NVARCHAR(MAX) = 'one, two,,three, four,     five'

SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY R.[index]) [index], R.[value] FROM
(
    SELECT
        1 [index], NULLIF(TRIM([value]), '') [value] FROM STRING_SPLIT(@STRING_VALUE, ',') T
    WHERE
        NULLIF(TRIM([value]), '') IS NOT NULL
) R