我一直在使用ES6 Promise。

通常,Promise是这样构造和使用的

new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    if (someCondition){
        resolve();
    } else {
        reject();
    } 
});

但我一直在做下面这样的事情,为了灵活起见,把决心放在外面。

var outsideResolve;
var outsideReject;
new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { 
    outsideResolve = resolve; 
    outsideReject = reject; 
});

后来

onClick = function(){
    outsideResolve();
}

这很好,但是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点?如果不是,这是一个好的实践吗?


当前回答

我们的解决方案是使用闭包来存储解析/拒绝函数,并附加一个函数来扩展承诺本身。

模式如下:

function getPromise() {

    var _resolve, _reject;

    var promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        _reject = reject;
        _resolve = resolve;
    });

    promise.resolve_ex = (value) => {
       _resolve(value);
    };

    promise.reject_ex = (value) => {
       _reject(value);
    };

    return promise;
}

使用它:

var promise = getPromise();

promise.then(value => {
    console.info('The promise has been fulfilled: ' + value);
});

promise.resolve_ex('hello');  
// or the reject version 
//promise.reject_ex('goodbye');

其他回答

我们的解决方案是使用闭包来存储解析/拒绝函数,并附加一个函数来扩展承诺本身。

模式如下:

function getPromise() {

    var _resolve, _reject;

    var promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        _reject = reject;
        _resolve = resolve;
    });

    promise.resolve_ex = (value) => {
       _resolve(value);
    };

    promise.reject_ex = (value) => {
       _reject(value);
    };

    return promise;
}

使用它:

var promise = getPromise();

promise.then(value => {
    console.info('The promise has been fulfilled: ' + value);
});

promise.resolve_ex('hello');  
// or the reject version 
//promise.reject_ex('goodbye');

这里的许多答案与本文最后一个示例类似。 我正在缓存多个promise, resolve()和reject()函数可以分配给任何变量或属性。因此,我能够使这段代码更加紧凑:

function defer(obj) {
    obj.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        obj.resolve = resolve;
        obj.reject  = reject;
    });
}

下面是一个使用这个版本的defer()将一个FontFace加载承诺与另一个异步进程结合的简化示例:

function onDOMContentLoaded(evt) {
    let all = []; // array of Promises
    glob = {};    // global object used elsewhere
    defer(glob);
    all.push(glob.promise);
    // launch async process with callback = resolveGlob()

    const myFont = new FontFace("myFont", "url(myFont.woff2)");
    document.fonts.add(myFont);
    myFont.load();
    all.push[myFont];
    Promise.all(all).then(() => { runIt(); }, (v) => { alert(v); });
}
//...
function resolveGlob() {
    glob.resolve();
}
function runIt() {} // runs after all promises resolved 

更新:如果你想封装对象,有2个选择:

function defer(obj = {}) {
    obj.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        obj.resolve = resolve;
        obj.reject  = reject;
    });
    return obj;
}
let deferred = defer();

and

class Deferred {
    constructor() {
        this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            this.resolve = resolve;
            this.reject  = reject;
        });
    }
}
let deferred = new Deferred();

helper方法可以减轻这种额外的开销,并给您同样的jQuery感觉。

function Deferred() {
    let resolve;
    let reject;
    const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
        resolve = res;
        reject = rej;
    });
    return { promise, resolve, reject };
}

用法是

const { promise, resolve, reject } = Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: resolve,
    cancel: reject
});
return promise;

它类似于jQuery

const dfd = $.Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: dfd.resolve,
    cancel: dfd.reject
});
return dfd.promise();

不过,在用例中,这种简单的本机语法就可以了

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    displayConfirmationDialog({
        confirm: resolve,
        cancel: reject
    });
});

简单:

var promiseResolve, promiseReject;

var promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
  promiseResolve = resolve;
  promiseReject = reject;
});

promiseResolve();

只是另一种从外部解决承诺的方法

 class Lock {
        #lock;  // Promise to be resolved (on  release)
        release;  // Release lock
        id;  // Id of lock
        constructor(id) {
            this.id = id
            this.#lock = new Promise((resolve) => {
                this.release = () => {
                    if (resolve) {
                        resolve()
                    } else {
                        Promise.resolve()
                    }
                }
            })
        }
        get() { return this.#lock }
    }

使用

let lock = new Lock(... some id ...);
...
lock.get().then(()=>{console.log('resolved/released')})
lock.release()  // Excpected 'resolved/released'