我一直在使用ES6 Promise。

通常,Promise是这样构造和使用的

new Promise(function(resolve, reject){
    if (someCondition){
        resolve();
    } else {
        reject();
    } 
});

但我一直在做下面这样的事情,为了灵活起见,把决心放在外面。

var outsideResolve;
var outsideReject;
new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { 
    outsideResolve = resolve; 
    outsideReject = reject; 
});

后来

onClick = function(){
    outsideResolve();
}

这很好,但是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点?如果不是,这是一个好的实践吗?


当前回答

我发现自己在某些情况下也忽略了Deferred模式。你总是可以在ES6的顶部创建一个:

export default class Deferred<T> {
    private _resolve: (value: T) => void = () => {};
    private _reject: (value: T) => void = () => {};

    private _promise: Promise<T> = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
        this._reject = reject;
        this._resolve = resolve;
    })

    public get promise(): Promise<T> {
        return this._promise;
    }

    public resolve(value: T) {
        this._resolve(value);
    }

    public reject(value: T) {
        this._reject(value);
    }
}

其他回答

我想分享一些不同的东西,这是这个话题的延伸。

有时,您希望“任务承诺”在解析时自动在相同的地址(属性或变量)重新创建。可以创建一个外部解析器来完成这个任务。

一个带有外部解析器的重复承诺的例子。无论何时调用解析器,都会在相同的地址/变量/属性处创建一个新的承诺。

let resolvePromise;
let thePromise;

const setPromise = (resolve) => {
  resolvePromise = () => {
    resolve();
    thePromise = new Promise(setPromise);   
  }
}
thePromise = new Promise(setPromise);

(async () => {
  let i = 0;
  while (true) {
    let msg = (i % 2 === 0) ? 'Tick' : 'Tock';
    document.body.innerHTML = msg;
    setTimeout(resolvePromise, 1000);
    await thePromise;
    i++;
  }
})();

https://jsfiddle.net/h3zvw5xr

您可以将Promise包装在一个类中。

class Deferred {
    constructor(handler) {
        this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            this.reject = reject;
            this.resolve = resolve;
            handler(resolve, reject);
        });

        this.promise.resolve = this.resolve;
        this.promise.reject = this.reject;

        return this.promise;
    }
    promise;
    resolve;
    reject;
}

// How to use.
const promise = new Deferred((resolve, reject) => {
  // Use like normal Promise.
});

promise.resolve(); // Resolve from any context.

类版本,在Typescript中:

export class Deferred<T> {
    public readonly promise: Promise<T>
    private resolveFn!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void
    private rejectFn!: (reason?: any) => void

    public constructor() {
        this.promise = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
            this.resolveFn = resolve
            this.rejectFn = reject
        })
    }

    public reject(reason?: any): void {
        this.rejectFn(reason)
    }

    public resolve(param: T): void {
        this.resolveFn(param)
    }
}

helper方法可以减轻这种额外的开销,并给您同样的jQuery感觉。

function Deferred() {
    let resolve;
    let reject;
    const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
        resolve = res;
        reject = rej;
    });
    return { promise, resolve, reject };
}

用法是

const { promise, resolve, reject } = Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: resolve,
    cancel: reject
});
return promise;

它类似于jQuery

const dfd = $.Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: dfd.resolve,
    cancel: dfd.reject
});
return dfd.promise();

不过,在用例中,这种简单的本机语法就可以了

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    displayConfirmationDialog({
        confirm: resolve,
        cancel: reject
    });
});

以防有人来找简化这个任务的util的typescript版本:

export const deferred = <T>() => {
  let resolve!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void;
  let reject!: (reason?: any) => void;
  const promise = new Promise<T>((res, rej) => {
    resolve = res;
    reject = rej;
  });

  return {
    resolve,
    reject,
    promise,
  };
};

这可以用在。如:

const {promise, resolve} = deferred<string>();

promise.then((value) => console.log(value)); // nothing

resolve('foo'); // console.log: foo