为了在JavaScript中复制数组:下面哪个使用更快?
片的方法
var dup_array = original_array.slice();
For循环
for(var i = 0, len = original_array.length; i < len; ++i)
dup_array[i] = original_array[i];
我知道这两种方法都只做一个浅拷贝:如果original_array包含对对象的引用，对象将不会被克隆，但只有引用将被复制，因此两个数组将有对相同对象的引用。 但这不是问题的关键。
我只是在问速度。
当前回答
您可以遵循这段代码。不可变方式数组克隆。这是克隆数组的最佳方法
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4]
const newArray = [...array]
newArray.push(6)
console.log(array)
console.log(newArray)
其他回答
克隆数组有几种方法。基本上，克隆可以分为两类:
浅拷贝 深拷贝
浅拷贝只覆盖数组的第一级，其余的都是 引用。如果需要数组中嵌套元素的真实副本，则需要 深克隆。
例子:
const arr1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
// Normal Array (shallow copy is enough)
const arr2 = [1,2,3,[4],[[5]],6,7]
// Nested Array (Deep copy required)
Approach 1 : Using (...)Spread Operator (Shallow copy enough)
const newArray = [...arr1] // [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Approach 2 : Using Array builtIn Slice method (Deep copy)
const newArray = arr1.slice() // [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Approach 3 : Using Array builtIn Concat method (Deep a copy)
const newArray = [].concat(arr1) // [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Approach 4 : Using JSON.stringify/parse. (Deep a copy & fastest)
const newArray = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(arr2));) // [1,2,3,[4],[[5]],6,7]
Approach 5: Using own recursive function or using loadash's __.cloneDeep method. (Deep copy)
您可以遵循这段代码。不可变方式数组克隆。这是克隆数组的最佳方法
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4]
const newArray = [...array]
newArray.push(6)
console.log(array)
console.log(newArray)
基准时间!
function log(data) { document.getElementById("log").textContent += data + "\n"; } benchmark = (() => { time_function = function(ms, f, num) { var z = 0; var t = new Date().getTime(); for (z = 0; ((new Date().getTime() - t) < ms); z++) f(num); return (z) } function clone1(arr) { return arr.slice(0); } function clone2(arr) { return [...arr] } function clone3(arr) { return [].concat(arr); } Array.prototype.clone = function() { return this.map(e => Array.isArray(e) ? e.clone() : e); }; function clone4(arr) { return arr.clone(); } function benchmark() { function compare(a, b) { if (a[1] > b[1]) { return -1; } if (a[1] < b[1]) { return 1; } return 0; } funcs = [clone1, clone2, clone3, clone4]; results = []; funcs.forEach((ff) => { console.log("Benchmarking: " + ff.name); var s = time_function(2500, ff, Array(1024)); results.push([ff, s]); console.log("Score: " + s); }) return results.sort(compare); } return benchmark; })() log("Starting benchmark...\n"); res = benchmark(); console.log("Winner: " + res[0][0].name + " !!!"); count = 1; res.forEach((r) => { log((count++) + ". " + r[0].name + " score: " + Math.floor(10000 * r[1] / res[0][1]) / 100 + ((count == 2) ? "% *winner*" : "% speed of winner.") + " (" + Math.round(r[1] * 100) / 100 + ")"); }); log("\nWinner code:\n"); log(res[0][0].toString()); <textarea rows="50" cols="80" style="font-size: 16; resize:none; border: none;" id="log"></textarea>
自单击按钮以来，基准测试将运行10秒。
我的结果:
Chrome (V8引擎):
1. clone1 score: 100% *winner* (4110764)
2. clone3 score: 74.32% speed of winner. (3055225)
3. clone2 score: 30.75% speed of winner. (1264182)
4. clone4 score: 21.96% speed of winner. (902929)
Firefox (SpiderMonkey Engine):
1. clone1 score: 100% *winner* (8448353)
2. clone3 score: 16.44% speed of winner. (1389241)
3. clone4 score: 5.69% speed of winner. (481162)
4. clone2 score: 2.27% speed of winner. (192433)
赢家代码:
function clone1(arr) {
return arr.slice(0);
}
赢家引擎: SpiderMonkey (Mozilla Firefox)
有一个更干净的解决方案:
var srcArray = [1, 2, 3];
var clonedArray = srcArray.length === 1 ? [srcArray[0]] : Array.apply(this, srcArray);
长度检查是必需的，因为当只使用一个参数调用Array构造函数时，它的行为会有所不同。
ECMAScript 2015的扩展操作符方式:
基本的例子:
var copyOfOldArray = [...oldArray]
var twoArraysBecomeOne = [...firstArray, ..seccondArray]
在浏览器控制台中尝试:
var oldArray = [1, 2, 3]
var copyOfOldArray = [...oldArray]
console.log(oldArray)
console.log(copyOfOldArray)
var firstArray = [5, 6, 7]
var seccondArray = ["a", "b", "c"]
var twoArraysBecomOne = [...firstArray, ...seccondArray]
console.log(twoArraysBecomOne);
参考文献
展开运算符的6大用途 传播的语法
