作为Shubham的精彩回答的后续，我建议使用枚举值而不是字符串。请查看TestLogging类的文档。

import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestExceptionFormat
import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent

tasks.withType(Test) {
    testLogging {
        events TestLogEvent.FAILED,
               TestLogEvent.PASSED,
               TestLogEvent.SKIPPED,
               TestLogEvent.STANDARD_ERROR,
               TestLogEvent.STANDARD_OUT
        exceptionFormat TestExceptionFormat.FULL
        showCauses true
        showExceptions true
        showStackTraces true
    }
}

作为Shubham的精彩回答的后续，我建议使用枚举值而不是字符串。请查看TestLogging类的文档。

import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestExceptionFormat
import org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent

tasks.withType(Test) {
    testLogging {
        events TestLogEvent.FAILED,
               TestLogEvent.PASSED,
               TestLogEvent.SKIPPED,
               TestLogEvent.STANDARD_ERROR,
               TestLogEvent.STANDARD_OUT
        exceptionFormat TestExceptionFormat.FULL
        showCauses true
        showExceptions true
        showStackTraces true
    }
}

对于那些使用Kotlin DSL的用户，你可以这样做:

tasks {
  named<Test>("test") {
    testLogging.showStandardStreams = true
  }
}

'test'任务不适用于Android插件，对于Android插件使用以下方法:

// Test Logging
tasks.withType(Test) {
    testLogging {
        events "started", "passed", "skipped", "failed"
    }
}

详见:https://stackoverflow.com/a/31665341/3521637

如果你正在使用jupiter，没有一个答案工作，请考虑验证它是否正确设置:

test {
    useJUnitPlatform()
    outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.7.0'
    testRuntimeOnly 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.7.0'
}

然后试试那些公认的答案

对于那些使用Kotlin DSL的人来说，一个更全面的回应是:

subprojects {
    // all the other stuff
    // ...
    tasks.named<Test>("test") {
        useJUnitPlatform()
        setupTestLogging()
    }
}

fun Test.setupTestLogging() {
    testLogging {
        events(
            org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent.FAILED,
            org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent.PASSED,
            org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent.SKIPPED,
            org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestLogEvent.STANDARD_OUT,
        )
        exceptionFormat = org.gradle.api.tasks.testing.logging.TestExceptionFormat.FULL
        showExceptions = true
        showCauses = true
        showStackTraces = true

        addTestListener(object : TestListener {
            override fun beforeSuite(suite: TestDescriptor) {}
            override fun beforeTest(testDescriptor: TestDescriptor) {}
            override fun afterTest(testDescriptor: TestDescriptor, result: TestResult) {}
            override fun afterSuite(suite: TestDescriptor, result: TestResult) {
                if (suite.parent != null) { // will match the outermost suite
                    val output = "Results: ${result.resultType} (${result.testCount} tests, ${result.successfulTestCount} passed, ${result.failedTestCount} failed, ${result.skippedTestCount} skipped)"
                    val startItem = "|  "
                    val endItem = "  |"
                    val repeatLength = startItem.length + output.length + endItem.length
                    val messages = """
                        ${(1..repeatLength).joinToString("") { "-" }}
                        $startItem$output$endItem
                        ${(1..repeatLength).joinToString("") { "-" }}
                    """.trimIndent()
                    println(messages)
                }
            }
        })
    }
}

这应该产生一个接近@odemolliens answers的输出。