如何在Python中将彩色文本输出到终端？
当前回答
作为RGB标准的粉丝，我会这样做：
def color_text(text, rgb):
r, g, b = rgb
return f"\033[38;2;{r};{g};{b}m{text}\033[0m"
class rgb():
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
# and so on ...
print(color_text("hello colored world", rgb.GREEN))
PS：受到CircuitSacul回答的强烈启发
其他回答
这在某种程度上取决于您所在的平台。最常见的方法是打印ANSI转义序列。举个简单的例子，这里有一些来自Blender构建脚本的Python代码：
class bcolors:
HEADER = '\033[95m'
OKBLUE = '\033[94m'
OKCYAN = '\033[96m'
OKGREEN = '\033[92m'
WARNING = '\033[93m'
FAIL = '\033[91m'
ENDC = '\033[0m'
BOLD = '\033[1m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
要使用这样的代码，可以执行以下操作：
print(bcolors.WARNING + "Warning: No active frommets remain. Continue?" + bcolors.ENDC)
或者，使用Python 3.6+：
print(f"{bcolors.WARNING}Warning: No active frommets remain. Continue?{bcolors.ENDC}")
这将在包括OS X、Linux和Windows在内的UNIX上运行（如果您使用ANSICON，或者在Windows 10中启用VT100仿真）。有用于设置颜色、移动光标等的ANSI代码。
如果你要对此感到复杂（如果你正在编写游戏，这听起来就像是这样），你应该看看“诅咒”模块，它为你处理了很多复杂的部分。Python诅咒HowTO是一个很好的介绍。
如果您不使用扩展ASCII（即，不在PC上），则您只能使用127以下的ASCII字符，而“#”或“@”可能是块的最佳选择。如果您可以确保您的终端使用的是IBM扩展的ASCII字符集，那么您有更多的选项。字符176、177、178和219是“块字符”。
一些基于文本的现代程序，如“矮人堡垒”，以图形模式模拟文本模式，并使用经典PC字体的图像。您可以在矮人要塞Wiki中找到一些位图（用户制作的瓷砖）。
文本模式演示比赛有更多的资源用于在文本模式下制作图形。
这里有一个快速类，它包装了一个打印功能，可以快速添加颜色，而无需安装其他软件包。
class PrintColored:
DEFAULT = '\033[0m'
# Styles
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ITALIC = '\033[3m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
UNDERLINE_THICK = '\033[21m'
HIGHLIGHTED = '\033[7m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK = '\033[40m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED = '\033[41m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN = '\033[42m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW = '\033[43m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE = '\033[44m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE = '\033[45m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN = '\033[46m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY = '\033[47m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT = '\033[100m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT = '\033[101m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT = '\033[102m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT = '\033[103m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT = '\033[104m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT = '\033[105m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT = '\033[106m'
HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT = '\033[107m'
STRIKE_THROUGH = '\033[9m'
MARGIN_1 = '\033[51m'
MARGIN_2 = '\033[52m' # seems equal to MARGIN_1
# colors
BLACK = '\033[30m'
RED_DARK = '\033[31m'
GREEN_DARK = '\033[32m'
YELLOW_DARK = '\033[33m'
BLUE_DARK = '\033[34m'
PURPLE_DARK = '\033[35m'
CYAN_DARK = '\033[36m'
GREY_DARK = '\033[37m'
BLACK_LIGHT = '\033[90m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
PURPLE = '\033[95m'
CYAN = '\033[96m'
WHITE = '\033[96m'
def __init__(self):
self.print_original = print # old value to the original print function
self.current_color = self.DEFAULT
def __call__(self,
*values: object, sep: str | None = None,
end: str | None = None,
file: str | None = None,
flush: bool = False,
color: str|None = None,
default_color: str|None = None,
):
if default_color:
self.current_color = default_color
default = self.current_color
if color:
values = (color, *values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
else:
values = (*values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
self.print_original(*values, end=end, file=file, flush=flush)
用法
class PrintColored:
DEFAULT = '\033[0m'
# Styles
BOLD = '\033[1m'
ITALIC = '\033[3m'
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
UNDERLINE_THICK = '\033[21m'
HIGHLIGHTED = '\033[7m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK = '\033[40m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED = '\033[41m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN = '\033[42m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW = '\033[43m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE = '\033[44m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE = '\033[45m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN = '\033[46m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY = '\033[47m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT = '\033[100m'
HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT = '\033[101m'
HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT = '\033[102m'
HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT = '\033[103m'
HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT = '\033[104m'
HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT = '\033[105m'
HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT = '\033[106m'
HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT = '\033[107m'
STRIKE_THROUGH = '\033[9m'
MARGIN_1 = '\033[51m'
MARGIN_2 = '\033[52m' # seems equal to MARGIN_1
# colors
BLACK = '\033[30m'
RED_DARK = '\033[31m'
GREEN_DARK = '\033[32m'
YELLOW_DARK = '\033[33m'
BLUE_DARK = '\033[34m'
PURPLE_DARK = '\033[35m'
CYAN_DARK = '\033[36m'
GREY_DARK = '\033[37m'
BLACK_LIGHT = '\033[90m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
PURPLE = '\033[95m'
CYAN = '\033[96m'
WHITE = '\033[96m'
def __init__(self):
self.print_original = print # old value to the original print function
self.current_color = self.DEFAULT
def __call__(self,
*values: object, sep: str | None = None,
end: str | None = None,
file: str | None = None,
flush: bool = False,
color: str|None = None,
default_color: str|None = None,
):
if default_color:
self.current_color = default_color
default = self.current_color
if color:
values = (color, *values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
else:
values = (*values, default) # wrap the content within a selected color an a default
self.print_original(*values, end=end, file=file, flush=flush)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print = PrintColored()
print("Hello world - default")
print("Hello world - Bold", color=print.BOLD)
print("Hello world - Italic", color=print.ITALIC)
print("Hello world - Underline", color=print.UNDERLINE)
print("Hello world - UNDERLINE_THICK", color=print.UNDERLINE_THICK)
print("Hello world - HighLithted", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLACK)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_RED", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_RED)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREY", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREY)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREY_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_RED_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_GREEN_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_YELLOW_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_BLUE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_PURPLE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_CYAN_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT", color=print.HIGHLIGHTED_WHITE_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - STRIKE_THROUGH", color=print.STRIKE_THROUGH)
print("Hello world - MARGIN_1", color=print.MARGIN_1)
print("Hello world - MARGIN_2", color=print.MARGIN_2)
print("Hello world - BLACK", color=print.BLACK)
print("Hello world - RED_DARK", color=print.RED_DARK)
print("Hello world - GREEN_DARK", color=print.GREEN_DARK)
print("Hello world - YELLOW_DARK", color=print.YELLOW_DARK)
print("Hello world - BLUE_DARK", color=print.BLUE_DARK)
print("Hello world - PURPLE_DARK", color=print.PURPLE_DARK)
print("Hello world - CYAN_DARK", color=print.CYAN_DARK)
print("Hello world - GREY_DARK", color=print.GREY_DARK)
print("Hello world - BLACK_LIGHT", color=print.BLACK_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - BLACK_LIGHT", color=print.BLACK_LIGHT)
print("Hello world - RED", color=print.RED)
print("Hello world - GREEN", color=print.GREEN)
print("Hello world - YELLOW", color=print.YELLOW)
print("Hello world - BLUE", color=print.BLUE)
print("Hello world - PURPLE", color=print.PURPLE)
print("Hello world - CYAN", color=print.CYAN)
print("Hello world - WHITE", color=print.WHITE)
# Back to normal
print("", default_color=print.DEFAULT)
print("Hello world - default")
输出
print("\033[1;32;40m Bright Green \n")
打印一个开始颜色/样式的字符串，然后是字符串，然后以'\x1b[0m'结束颜色/样式更改：
print('\x1b[6;30;42m' + 'Success!' + '\x1b[0m')
使用以下代码获取shell文本的格式选项表：
def print_format_table():
"""
prints table of formatted text format options
"""
for style in range(8):
for fg in range(30,38):
s1 = ''
for bg in range(40,48):
format = ';'.join([str(style), str(fg), str(bg)])
s1 += '\x1b[%sm %s \x1b[0m' % (format, format)
print(s1)
print('\n')
print_format_table()
亮-暗示例（完整）
暗-亮示例（部分）
参考：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#Colors
class ColorText:
"""
Use ANSI escape sequences to print colors +/- bold/underline to bash terminal.
Examples
--------
>>> ColorText('HelloWorld').bold()
>>> ColorText('HelloWorld').blue()
>>> ColorText('HelloWorld').bold().custom("#bebebe")
>>> ColorText('HelloWorld').underline().custom('dodgerblue')
>>> ColorText.demo()
Notes
-----
- execute ColorText.demo() for a printout of colors.
"""
@classmethod
def demo(cls):
"""Prints examples of all colors in normal, bold, underline, bold+underline."""
for color in dir(ColorText):
if all([color.startswith("_") is False,
color not in ["bold", "underline", "demo", "custom"],
callable(getattr(ColorText, color))]):
print(getattr(ColorText(color), color)(),
"\t",
getattr(ColorText(f"bold {color}").bold(), color)(),
"\t",
getattr(ColorText(f"underline {color}").underline(), color)(),
"\t",
getattr(ColorText(f"bold underline {color}").underline().bold(), color)())
print(ColorText("Input can also be color hex or R,G,B with ColorText.custom()").bold())
pass
def __init__(self, text: str = ""):
self.text = text
self.ending = "\033[0m"
self.colors = []
pass
def __repr__(self):
return self.text
def __str__(self):
return self.text
def bold(self):
self.text = "\033[1m" + self.text + self.ending
return self
def underline(self):
self.text = "\033[4m" + self.text + self.ending
return self
def green(self):
self.text = "\033[92m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("green")
return self
def purple(self):
self.text = "\033[95m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("purple")
return self
def blue(self):
self.text = "\033[94m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("blue")
return self
def ltblue(self):
self.text = "\033[34m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("lightblue")
return self
def pink(self):
self.text = "\033[35m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("pink")
return self
def gray(self):
self.text = "\033[30m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("gray")
return self
def ltgray(self):
self.text = "\033[37m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("ltgray")
return self
def warn(self):
self.text = "\033[93m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("yellow")
return self
def fail(self):
self.text = "\033[91m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("red")
return self
def ltred(self):
self.text = "\033[31m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("lightred")
return self
def cyan(self):
self.text = "\033[36m" + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append("cyan")
return self
def custom(self, *color_hex):
"""Print in custom color, `color_hex` - either actual hex, or tuple(r,g,b)"""
if color_hex != (None, ): # allows printing white on black background, black otherwise
if len(color_hex) == 1:
c = rgb2hex(colorConverter.to_rgb(color_hex[0]))
rgb = ImageColor.getcolor(c, "RGB")
else:
assert (
len(color_hex) == 3
), "If not a color hex, ColorText.custom should have R,G,B as input"
rgb = color_hex
self.text = "\033[{};2;{};{};{}m".format(38, *rgb) + self.text + self.ending
self.colors.append(rgb)
return self
pass
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