如何在Python中将彩色文本输出到终端?


当前回答

https://raw.github.com/fabric/fabric/master/fabric/colors.py

"""
.. versionadded:: 0.9.2

Functions for wrapping strings in ANSI color codes.

Each function within this module returns the input string ``text``, wrapped
with ANSI color codes for the appropriate color.

For example, to print some text as green on supporting terminals::

    from fabric.colors import green

    print(green("This text is green!"))

Because these functions simply return modified strings, you can nest them::

    from fabric.colors import red, green

    print(red("This sentence is red, except for " + \
          green("these words, which are green") + "."))

If ``bold`` is set to ``True``, the ANSI flag for bolding will be flipped on
for that particular invocation, which usually shows up as a bold or brighter
version of the original color on most terminals.
"""


def _wrap_with(code):

    def inner(text, bold=False):
        c = code
        if bold:
            c = "1;%s" % c
        return "\033[%sm%s\033[0m" % (c, text)
    return inner

red = _wrap_with('31')
green = _wrap_with('32')
yellow = _wrap_with('33')
blue = _wrap_with('34')
magenta = _wrap_with('35')
cyan = _wrap_with('36')
white = _wrap_with('37')

其他回答

在Windows上,您可以使用模块“win32console”(在某些Python发行版中可用)或模块“ctypes”(Python 2.5及更高版本)访问Win32 API。

要查看支持这两种方式的完整代码,请参阅Testoob中的彩色控制台报告代码。

ctypes示例:

import ctypes

# Constants from the Windows API
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
FOREGROUND_RED    = 0x0004 # text color contains red.

def get_csbi_attributes(handle):
    # Based on IPython's winconsole.py, written by Alexander Belchenko
    import struct
    csbi = ctypes.create_string_buffer(22)
    res = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle, csbi)
    assert res

    (bufx, bufy, curx, cury, wattr,
    left, top, right, bottom, maxx, maxy) = struct.unpack("hhhhHhhhhhh", csbi.raw)
    return wattr


handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
reset = get_csbi_attributes(handle)

ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, FOREGROUND_RED)
print "Cherry on top"
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, reset)

一个更简单的选择是使用termcolor包中的cprint函数。

它还支持%s,%d格式的打印:

结果可能取决于终端,因此请查看软件包文档的“终端财产”部分。

Windows命令提示符和Python IDLE不工作

JupyterLab笔记本确实有效

对于Windows,除非使用Win32 API,否则无法使用颜色打印到控制台。

对于Linux,它就像使用打印一样简单,转义序列如下:

颜色

要使字符像方框一样打印,这实际上取决于控制台窗口使用的字体。磅符号效果很好,但它取决于字体:

#

我已经将joeld的答案打包到一个模块中,该模块具有全局函数,我可以在代码中的任何地方使用这些函数。

文件:log.py

def enable():
    HEADER = '\033[95m'
    OKBLUE = '\033[94m'
    OKGREEN = '\033[92m'
    WARNING = '\033[93m'
    FAIL = '\033[91m'
    ENDC = '\033[0m'
    BOLD = "\033[1m"

def disable():
    HEADER = ''
    OKBLUE = ''
    OKGREEN = ''
    WARNING = ''
    FAIL = ''
    ENDC = ''

def infog(msg):
    print(OKGREEN + msg + ENDC)

def info(msg):
    print(OKBLUE + msg + ENDC)

def warn(msg):
    print(WARNING + msg + ENDC)

def err(msg):
    print(FAIL + msg + ENDC)

enable()

使用方法如下:

import log
log.info("Hello, World!")
log.err("System Error")

Rich是一个相对较新的Python库,用于在终端中处理颜色。

在Rich中有几种处理颜色的方法。最快的入门方法是富打印方法,它将类似BBCode的语法呈现到ANSI控制代码中:

from rich import print
print("[red]Color[/] in the [bold magenta]Terminal[/]!")

还有其他方法可以通过Rich(正则表达式、语法)和相关的格式化功能应用颜色。