如何在Python中将彩色文本输出到终端?


当前回答

您想了解ANSI转义序列。下面是一个简单的例子:

CSI = "\x1B["
print(CSI+"31;40m" + "Colored Text" + CSI + "0m")

有关详细信息,请参见ANSI转义码。

对于块字符,请尝试使用Unicode字符,如\u2588:

print(u"\u2588")

将所有内容放在一起:

print(CSI+"31;40m" + u"\u2588" + CSI + "0m")

其他回答

Rich是一个相对较新的Python库,用于在终端中处理颜色。

在Rich中有几种处理颜色的方法。最快的入门方法是富打印方法,它将类似BBCode的语法呈现到ANSI控制代码中:

from rich import print
print("[red]Color[/] in the [bold magenta]Terminal[/]!")

还有其他方法可以通过Rich(正则表达式、语法)和相关的格式化功能应用颜色。

asciimatics为构建文本UI和动画提供了可移植的支持:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from asciimatics.effects import RandomNoise  # $ pip install asciimatics
from asciimatics.renderers import SpeechBubble, Rainbow
from asciimatics.scene import Scene
from asciimatics.screen import Screen
from asciimatics.exceptions import ResizeScreenError


def demo(screen):
    render = Rainbow(screen, SpeechBubble('Rainbow'))
    effects = [RandomNoise(screen, signal=render)]
    screen.play([Scene(effects, -1)], stop_on_resize=True)

while True:
    try:
        Screen.wrapper(demo)
        break
    except ResizeScreenError:
        pass

Asciicast:

我是Python新手,每次我发现像这样的主题时都很兴奋。但这次(突然)我觉得我有话要说。尤其是因为几分钟前,我在Python中发现了一件令人惊叹的事情(至少对我来说是这样):

上下文管理器

from contextlib import contextmanager
# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

@contextmanager
def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  yield
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

with printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text'):
  pass

实例

或者就像这样:

# FORECOLOR
BLACKFC,REDFC,GREENFC,YELLOWFC,BLUEFC = '38;30m','38;31m','38;32m','38;33m','38;34m'
# BACKGOUND
BLACKBG,REDBG,GREENBG,YELLOWBG,BLUEBG = '48;40m','48;41m','48;42m','48;43m','48;44m'

def printESC(prefix, color, text):
  print("{prefix}{color}{text}".format(prefix=prefix, color=color, text=text), end='')
  print("{prefix}0m".format(prefix=prefix))

printESC('\x1B[', REDFC, 'Colored Text')

我使用for循环生成了一个包含所有颜色的类,将颜色的每个组合迭代到100,然后用Python颜色编写了一个类。复制并粘贴,GPLv2由我执行:

class colors:
    '''Colors class:
    Reset all colors with colors.reset
    Two subclasses fg for foreground and bg for background.
    Use as colors.subclass.colorname.
    i.e. colors.fg.red or colors.bg.green
    Also, the generic bold, disable, underline, reverse, strikethrough,
    and invisible work with the main class
    i.e. colors.bold
    '''
    reset='\033[0m'
    bold='\033[01m'
    disable='\033[02m'
    underline='\033[04m'
    reverse='\033[07m'
    strikethrough='\033[09m'
    invisible='\033[08m'
    class fg:
        black='\033[30m'
        red='\033[31m'
        green='\033[32m'
        orange='\033[33m'
        blue='\033[34m'
        purple='\033[35m'
        cyan='\033[36m'
        lightgrey='\033[37m'
        darkgrey='\033[90m'
        lightred='\033[91m'
        lightgreen='\033[92m'
        yellow='\033[93m'
        lightblue='\033[94m'
        pink='\033[95m'
        lightcyan='\033[96m'
    class bg:
        black='\033[40m'
        red='\033[41m'
        green='\033[42m'
        orange='\033[43m'
        blue='\033[44m'
        purple='\033[45m'
        cyan='\033[46m'
        lightgrey='\033[47m'

一些解决方案包括:

fg = lambda text, color: "\33[38;5;" + str(color) + "m" + text + "\33[0m"
bg = lambda text, color: "\33[48;5;" + str(color) + "m" + text + "\33[0m"

def print_six(row, format, end="\n"):
    for col in range(6):
        color = row*6 + col - 2
        if color>=0:
            text = "{:3d}".format(color)
            print (format(text,color), end=" ")
        else:
            print(end="    ")   # Four spaces
    print(end=end)

for row in range(0, 43):
    print_six(row, fg, " ")
    print_six(row, bg)

print(fg("text", 160))

OR

def colored(r, g, b, text):
    return "\033[38;2;{};{};{}m{} \033[38;2;255;255;255m".format(r, g, b, text)


text = 'Hello, World!'
colored_text = colored(255, 0, 0, text)
print(colored_text)

OR

class Color:
    COLOR = [f"\33[{i}m" for i in range(44)]

for i in range(44):
    print(Color.COLOR[i] + 'text')

可能无法在Windows 10终端或PowerShell窗口上运行,或者在其他情况下可能无法直接运行。

但在插入时,程序开头的这两行可能会有所帮助:

import os
os.system('')

os.system(“”)允许您在终端中打印ANSI代码,根据您的选择对输出进行着色(但可能需要调用其他特定于系统的函数,以便能够在终端中显示彩色文本)。