按数组中的对象分组最有效的方法是什么?

例如,给定此对象数组:

[ 
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 1", Value: "5" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 2", Value: "10" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 1", Value: "15" },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 2", Value: "20" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 1", Value: "25" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Task: "Task 2", Value: "30" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 1", Value: "35" },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Task: "Task 2", Value: "40" }
]

我正在表格中显示这些信息。我想通过不同的方法进行分组,但我想对值求和。

我将Undercore.js用于其groupby函数,这很有用,但并不能完成全部任务,因为我不希望它们“拆分”,而是“合并”,更像SQL groupby方法。

我要找的是能够合计特定值(如果需要)。

因此,如果我按阶段分组,我希望收到:

[
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Value: 50 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Value: 130 }
]

如果我组了阶段/步骤,我会收到:

[
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 1", Value: 15 },
    { Phase: "Phase 1", Step: "Step 2", Value: 35 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 1", Value: 55 },
    { Phase: "Phase 2", Step: "Step 2", Value: 75 }
]

是否有一个有用的脚本,或者我应该坚持使用Undercore.js,然后遍历生成的对象,自己计算总数?


当前回答

基于@Ceasar Bautista的原始想法,我修改了代码并使用typescript创建了一个groupBy函数。

static groupBy(data: any[], comparator: (v1: any, v2: any) => boolean, onDublicate: (uniqueRow: any, dublicateRow: any) => void) {
    return data.reduce(function (reducedRows, currentlyReducedRow) {
      let processedRow = reducedRows.find(searchedRow => comparator(searchedRow, currentlyReducedRow));

      if (processedRow) {
        // currentlyReducedRow is a dublicateRow when processedRow is not null.
        onDublicate(processedRow, currentlyReducedRow)
      } else {
        // currentlyReducedRow is unique and must be pushed in the reducedRows collection.
        reducedRows.push(currentlyReducedRow);
      }

      return reducedRows;
    }, []);
  };

此函数接受一个回调(比较器)和一个第二个回调(onDuplicate),该回调比较行并查找副本。

用法示例:

data = [
    { name: 'a', value: 10 },
    { name: 'a', value: 11 },
    { name: 'a', value: 12 },
    { name: 'b', value: 20 },
    { name: 'b', value: 1 }
  ]

  private static demoComparator = (v1: any, v2: any) => {
    return v1['name'] === v2['name'];
  }

  private static demoOnDublicate = (uniqueRow, dublicateRow) => {
    uniqueRow['value'] += dublicateRow['value'];    
  };

使命感

groupBy(data, demoComparator, demoOnDublicate) 

将执行计算值和的分组。

{name: "a", value: 33}
{name: "b", value: 21}

我们可以根据项目的需要创建任意多个回调函数,并根据需要聚合这些值。在一个例子中,我需要合并两个数组,而不是求和数据。

其他回答

GroupBy one liner,ES2021解决方案

const groupBy = (x,f)=>x.reduce((a,b,i)=>((a[f(b,i,x)]||=[]).push(b),a),{});

TypeScript(类型脚本)

const groupBy = <T>(array: T[], predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => string) =>
  array.reduce((acc, value, index, array) => {
    (acc[predicate(value, index, array)] ||= []).push(value);
    return acc;
  }, {} as { [key: string]: T[] });

示例

const groupBy = (x,f)=>x.reduce((a,b,i)=>((a[f(b,i,x)]||=[]).push(b),a),{});
// f -> should must return string/number because it will be use as key in object

// for demo

groupBy([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], v => (v % 2 ? "odd" : "even"));
// { odd: [1, 3, 5, 7, 9], even: [2, 4, 6, 8] };
const colors = [
  "Apricot",
  "Brown",
  "Burgundy",
  "Cerulean",
  "Peach",
  "Pear",
  "Red",
];

groupBy(colors, v => v[0]); // group by colors name first letter
// {
//   A: ["Apricot"],
//   B: ["Brown", "Burgundy"],
//   C: ["Cerulean"],
//   P: ["Peach", "Pear"],
//   R: ["Red"],
// };
groupBy(colors, v => v.length); // group by length of color names
// {
//   3: ["Red"],
//   4: ["Pear"],
//   5: ["Brown", "Peach"],
//   7: ["Apricot"],
//   8: ["Burgundy", "Cerulean"],
// }

const data = [
  { comment: "abc", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
  { comment: "pqr", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
  { comment: "klm", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
  { comment: "xyz", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
];

groupBy(data, v => v.inModule); // group by module
// {
//   1: [
//     { comment: "abc", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
//     { comment: "pqr", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
//   ],
//   2: [
//     { comment: "klm", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
//     { comment: "xyz", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
//   ],
// }

groupBy(data, x => x.forItem + "-" + x.inModule); // group by module with item
// {
//   "1-1": [
//     { comment: "abc", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
//     { comment: "pqr", forItem: 1, inModule: 1 },
//   ],
//   "1-2": [
//     { comment: "klm", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
//     { comment: "xyz", forItem: 1, inModule: 2 },
//   ],
// }

按映射分组

const groupByToMap = (x, f) =>
  x.reduce((a, b, i, x) => {
    const k = f(b, i, x);
    a.get(k)?.push(b) ?? a.set(k, [b]);
    return a;
  }, new Map());

TypeScript(类型脚本)

const groupByToMap = <T, Q>(array: T[], predicate: (value: T, index: number, array: T[]) => Q) =>
  array.reduce((map, value, index, array) => {
    const key = predicate(value, index, array);
    map.get(key)?.push(value) ?? map.set(key, [value]);
    return map;
  }, new Map<Q, T[]>());

这里有一个使用ES6的讨厌的、难以阅读的解决方案:

export default (arr, key) => 
  arr.reduce(
    (r, v, _, __, k = v[key]) => ((r[k] || (r[k] = [])).push(v), r),
    {}
  );

对于那些询问这是如何工作的人,这里有一个解释:

在这两个=>中,您可以获得免费回报Array.prototype.reduce函数最多包含4个参数。这就是为什么要添加第五个参数,这样我们就可以使用默认值在参数声明级别为组(k)创建一个廉价的变量声明。(是的,这是巫术)如果我们的当前组在上一次迭代中不存在,我们将创建一个新的空数组((r[k]||(r[k]=[]))。这将计算到最左边的表达式,换句话说,一个现有数组或一个空数组,这就是为什么在该表达式之后会立即推送,因为无论哪种方式都会得到一个数组。当有一个返回时,逗号运算符将丢弃最左边的值,返回该场景中经过调整的前一组。

更容易理解的版本是:

export default (array, key) => 
  array.reduce((previous, currentItem) => {
    const group = currentItem[key];
    if (!previous[group]) previous[group] = [];
    previous[group].push(currentItem);
    return previous;
  }, {});

编辑:

TS版本:

const groupBy = <T, K extends keyof any>(list: T[], getKey: (item: T) => K) =>
  list.reduce((previous, currentItem) => {
    const group = getKey(currentItem);
    if (!previous[group]) previous[group] = [];
    previous[group].push(currentItem);
    return previous;
  }, {} as Record<K, T[]>);

ES6基于reduce的版本,支持iteratee函数。

如果未提供iteratee函数,则工作正常:

const data=〔{id:1,得分:2},{id:1,得分:3},{id:2,得分:2},{id:2,得分:4}〕常量组=(arr,k)=>arr.reduce((r,c)=>(r[c[k]]=[…r[c[k]]||[],c],r),{});常量组By=(arr,k,fn=()=>真)=>arr.reduce((r,c)=>(fn(c[k])?r[c[k]]=[…r[c[k]]| |[],c]:null,r),{});console.log(group(data,'id'))//通过`reduce分组`console.log(groupBy(data,'id'))//如果省略了“fn”,则结果相同console.log(groupBy(data,'score',x=>x>2))//使用iteratee分组

关于OP问题:

const data=〔{阶段:“阶段1”,步骤:“步骤1”,任务:“任务1”,值:“5”},{阶段“阶段1“,步骤:”步骤1“,任务:”任务2“,值:”10“},{阶段:”阶段1“、步骤:”阶段2“,任务1“,值“15”}、{阶段”阶段1”、步骤:“阶段2”、任务:”“任务2”、值:”20“}、{阶段“2”,步骤“步骤:”“步骤1“、任务:“1”、值“25”},{阶段:“阶段2”,步骤:“步骤1”,任务:“任务2”,值:“30”},{阶段:“阶段2”,步骤:“步骤2”,任务:“任务1”,值:”35“},{阶段:”阶段2“,步骤:”步骤2“,任务:”任务2“,值::”40“}]常量组By=(arr,k)=>arr.reduce((r,c)=>(r[c[k]]=[…r[c[k]]||[],c],r),{});常量组With=(arr,k,fn=()=>真)=>arr.reduce((r,c)=>(fn(c[k])?r[c[k]]=[…r[c[k]]| |[],c]:null,r),{});console.log(groupBy(数据,'Phase'))console.log(groupWith(data,'Value',x=>x>30))//按`Value`>30分组

另一个ES6版本,它反转分组,将值用作键,将键用作分组值:

常量数据=[{A:“1”},{B:“10”}、{C:“10”}]常量组键=arr=>arr.reduce((r,c)=>(Object.keys(c).map(x=>r[c[x]]=[…r[c[x]]||[],x]),r),{});console.log(groupKeys(数据))

注意:函数以简短的形式(一行)发布,目的是为了简洁,并仅表达想法。您可以展开它们并添加其他错误检查等。

如果您需要通过以下方式进行多组:


    const populate = (entireObj, keys, item) => {
    let keysClone = [...keys],
        currentKey = keysClone.shift();

    if (keysClone.length > 0) {
        entireObj[item[currentKey]] = entireObj[item[currentKey]] || {}
        populate(entireObj[item[currentKey]], keysClone, item);
    } else {
        (entireObj[item[currentKey]] = entireObj[item[currentKey]] || []).push(item);
    }
}

export const groupBy = (list, key) => {
    return list.reduce(function (rv, x) {

        if (typeof key === 'string') (rv[x[key]] = rv[x[key]] || []).push(x);

        if (typeof key === 'object' && key.length) populate(rv, key, x);

        return rv;

    }, {});
}

const myPets = [
    {name: 'yaya', type: 'cat', color: 'gray'},
    {name: 'bingbang', type: 'cat', color: 'sliver'},
    {name: 'junior-bingbang', type: 'cat', color: 'sliver'},
    {name: 'jindou', type: 'cat', color: 'golden'},
    {name: 'dahuzi', type: 'dog', color: 'brown'},
];

// run 
groupBy(myPets, ['type', 'color']));

// you will get object like: 

const afterGroupBy = {
    "cat": {
        "gray": [
            {
                "name": "yaya",
                "type": "cat",
                "color": "gray"
            }
        ],
        "sliver": [
            {
                "name": "bingbang",
                "type": "cat",
                "color": "sliver"
            },
            {
                "name": "junior-bingbang",
                "type": "cat",
                "color": "sliver"
            }
        ],
        "golden": [
            {
                "name": "jindou",
                "type": "cat",
                "color": "golden"
            }
        ]
    },
    "dog": {
        "brown": [
            {
                "name": "dahuzi",
                "type": "dog",
                "color": "brown"
            }
        ]
    }
};

我从underscore.js fiddler那里借用了这个方法

window.helpers=(function (){
    var lookupIterator = function(value) {
        if (value == null){
            return function(value) {
                return value;
            };
        }
        if (typeof value === 'function'){
                return value;
        }
        return function(obj) {
            return obj[value];
        };
    },
    each = function(obj, iterator, context) {
        var breaker = {};
        if (obj == null) return obj;
        if (Array.prototype.forEach && obj.forEach === Array.prototype.forEach) {
            obj.forEach(iterator, context);
        } else if (obj.length === +obj.length) {
            for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
                if (iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) === breaker) return;
            }
        } else {
            var keys = []
            for (var key in obj) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key)
            for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
                if (iterator.call(context, obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj) === breaker) return;
            }
        }
        return obj;
    },
    // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
    group = function(behavior) {
        return function(obj, iterator, context) {
            var result = {};
            iterator = lookupIterator(iterator);
            each(obj, function(value, index) {
                var key = iterator.call(context, value, index, obj);
                behavior(result, key, value);
            });
            return result;
        };
    };

    return {
      groupBy : group(function(result, key, value) {
        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? result[key].push(value) :              result[key] = [value];
        })
    };
})();

var arr=[{a:1,b:2},{a:1,b:3},{a:1,b:1},{a:1,b:2},{a:1,b:3}];
 console.dir(helpers.groupBy(arr,"b"));
 console.dir(helpers.groupBy(arr,function (el){
   return el.b>2;
 }));