def colision(rect, circle):
dx = rect.x - circle.x
dy = rect.y - circle.y
distance = (dy**2 + dx**2)**0.5
angle_to = (rect.angle + math.atan2(dx, dy)/3.1415*180.0) % 360
if((angle_to>135 and angle_to<225) or (angle_to>0 and angle_to<45) or (angle_to>315 and angle_to<360)):
    if distance <= circle.rad/2.+((rect.height/2.0)*(1.+0.5*abs(math.sin(angle_to*math.pi/180.)))):
        return True
else:
    if distance <= circle.rad/2.+((rect.width/2.0)*(1.+0.5*abs(math.cos(angle_to*math.pi/180.)))):
        return True
return False

对于那些需要用SQL在地理坐标中计算圆/矩形碰撞的人， 这是我在oracle 11中实现的e.James建议算法。

在输入中，它需要圆坐标，圆半径km和矩形的两个顶点坐标:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "DETECT_CIRC_RECT_COLLISION"
(
    circleCenterLat     IN NUMBER,      -- circle Center Latitude
    circleCenterLon     IN NUMBER,      -- circle Center Longitude
    circleRadius        IN NUMBER,      -- circle Radius in KM
    rectSWLat           IN NUMBER,      -- rectangle South West Latitude
    rectSWLon           IN NUMBER,      -- rectangle South West Longitude
    rectNELat           IN NUMBER,      -- rectangle North Est Latitude
    rectNELon           IN NUMBER       -- rectangle North Est Longitude
)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
    -- converts km to degrees (use 69 if miles)
    kmToDegreeConst     NUMBER := 111.045;

    -- Remaining rectangle vertices 
    rectNWLat   NUMBER;
    rectNWLon   NUMBER;
    rectSELat   NUMBER;
    rectSELon   NUMBER;

    rectHeight  NUMBER;
    rectWIdth   NUMBER;

    circleDistanceLat   NUMBER;
    circleDistanceLon   NUMBER;
    cornerDistanceSQ    NUMBER;

BEGIN
    -- Initialization of remaining rectangle vertices  
    rectNWLat := rectNELat;
    rectNWLon := rectSWLon;
    rectSELat := rectSWLat;
    rectSELon := rectNELon;

    -- Rectangle sides length calculation
    rectHeight := calc_distance(rectSWLat, rectSWLon, rectNWLat, rectNWLon);
    rectWidth := calc_distance(rectSWLat, rectSWLon, rectSELat, rectSELon);

    circleDistanceLat := abs( (circleCenterLat * kmToDegreeConst) - ((rectSWLat * kmToDegreeConst) + (rectHeight/2)) );
    circleDistanceLon := abs( (circleCenterLon * kmToDegreeConst) - ((rectSWLon * kmToDegreeConst) + (rectWidth/2)) );

    IF circleDistanceLon > ((rectWidth/2) + circleRadius) THEN
        RETURN -1;   --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    END IF;

    IF circleDistanceLat > ((rectHeight/2) + circleRadius) THEN
        RETURN -1;   --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    END IF;

    IF circleDistanceLon <= (rectWidth/2) THEN
        RETURN 0;   --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    END IF;

    IF circleDistanceLat <= (rectHeight/2) THEN
        RETURN 0;   --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    END IF;


    cornerDistanceSQ := POWER(circleDistanceLon - (rectWidth/2), 2) + POWER(circleDistanceLat - (rectHeight/2), 2);

    IF cornerDistanceSQ <=  POWER(circleRadius, 2) THEN
        RETURN 0;  --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    ELSE
        RETURN -1;  --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
    END IF;

    RETURN -1;  --  -1 => NO Collision ; 0 => Collision Detected
END;    

下面是我的C代码，用于解决球体和非轴对齐的盒子之间的碰撞。它依赖于我自己的几个库例程，但它可能对某些人有用。我在游戏中使用了它，效果非常好。

float physicsProcessCollisionBetweenSelfAndActorRect(SPhysics *self, SPhysics *actor)
{
    float diff = 99999;

    SVector relative_position_of_circle = getDifference2DBetweenVectors(&self->worldPosition, &actor->worldPosition);
    rotateVector2DBy(&relative_position_of_circle, -actor->axis.angleZ); // This aligns the coord system so the rect becomes an AABB

    float x_clamped_within_rectangle = relative_position_of_circle.x;
    float y_clamped_within_rectangle = relative_position_of_circle.y;
    LIMIT(x_clamped_within_rectangle, actor->physicsRect.l, actor->physicsRect.r);
    LIMIT(y_clamped_within_rectangle, actor->physicsRect.b, actor->physicsRect.t);

    // Calculate the distance between the circle's center and this closest point
    float distance_to_nearest_edge_x = relative_position_of_circle.x - x_clamped_within_rectangle;
    float distance_to_nearest_edge_y = relative_position_of_circle.y - y_clamped_within_rectangle;

    // If the distance is less than the circle's radius, an intersection occurs
    float distance_sq_x = SQUARE(distance_to_nearest_edge_x);
    float distance_sq_y = SQUARE(distance_to_nearest_edge_y);
    float radius_sq = SQUARE(self->physicsRadius);
    if(distance_sq_x + distance_sq_y < radius_sq)   
    {
        float half_rect_w = (actor->physicsRect.r - actor->physicsRect.l) * 0.5f;
        float half_rect_h = (actor->physicsRect.t - actor->physicsRect.b) * 0.5f;

        CREATE_VECTOR(push_vector);         

        // If we're at one of the corners of this object, treat this as a circular/circular collision
        if(fabs(relative_position_of_circle.x) > half_rect_w && fabs(relative_position_of_circle.y) > half_rect_h)
        {
            SVector edges;
            if(relative_position_of_circle.x > 0) edges.x = half_rect_w; else edges.x = -half_rect_w;
            if(relative_position_of_circle.y > 0) edges.y = half_rect_h; else edges.y = -half_rect_h;   

            push_vector = relative_position_of_circle;
            moveVectorByInverseVector2D(&push_vector, &edges);

            // We now have the vector from the corner of the rect to the point.
            float delta_length = getVector2DMagnitude(&push_vector);
            float diff = self->physicsRadius - delta_length; // Find out how far away we are from our ideal distance

            // Normalise the vector
            push_vector.x /= delta_length;
            push_vector.y /= delta_length;
            scaleVector2DBy(&push_vector, diff); // Now multiply it by the difference
            push_vector.z = 0;
        }
        else // Nope - just bouncing against one of the edges
        {
            if(relative_position_of_circle.x > 0) // Ball is to the right
                push_vector.x = (half_rect_w + self->physicsRadius) - relative_position_of_circle.x;
            else
                push_vector.x = -((half_rect_w + self->physicsRadius) + relative_position_of_circle.x);

            if(relative_position_of_circle.y > 0) // Ball is above
                push_vector.y = (half_rect_h + self->physicsRadius) - relative_position_of_circle.y;
            else
                push_vector.y = -((half_rect_h + self->physicsRadius) + relative_position_of_circle.y);

            if(fabs(push_vector.x) < fabs(push_vector.y))
                push_vector.y = 0;
            else
                push_vector.x = 0;
        }

        diff = 0; // Cheat, since we don't do anything with the value anyway
        rotateVector2DBy(&push_vector, actor->axis.angleZ);
        SVector *from = &self->worldPosition;       
        moveVectorBy2D(from, push_vector.x, push_vector.y);
    }   
    return diff;
}

圆与矩形相交只有两种情况:

圆的中心在矩形的内部，或者 矩形的一条边在圆上有一个点。

注意，这并不要求矩形与轴平行。

(一种方法是:如果没有一条边在圆中有点(如果所有的边都完全“在”圆外)，那么圆仍然可以与多边形相交的唯一方法是它完全位于多边形内部。)

有了这样的见解，就可以像下面这样工作，其中圆的中心是P，半径是R，矩形的顶点是A, B, C, D(不完整的代码):

def intersect(Circle(P, R), Rectangle(A, B, C, D)):
    S = Circle(P, R)
    return (pointInRectangle(P, Rectangle(A, B, C, D)) or
            intersectCircle(S, (A, B)) or
            intersectCircle(S, (B, C)) or
            intersectCircle(S, (C, D)) or
            intersectCircle(S, (D, A)))

如果你在写任何几何，你的库中可能已经有了上面的函数。否则，pointInRectangle()可以用几种方式实现;任何一般的多边形点方法都可以工作，但对于矩形，你可以检查这是否有效:

0 ≤ AP·AB ≤ AB·AB and 0 ≤ AP·AD ≤ AD·AD

intersectCircle()也很容易实现:一种方法是检查从P到直线的垂线的脚是否足够近并且在端点之间，否则检查端点。

最酷的是，同样的想法不仅适用于矩形，而且适用于一个圆与任何简单多边形的交点——甚至不必是凸多边形!

以下是我的做法:

bool intersects(CircleType circle, RectType rect)
{
    circleDistance.x = abs(circle.x - rect.x);
    circleDistance.y = abs(circle.y - rect.y);

    if (circleDistance.x > (rect.width/2 + circle.r)) { return false; }
    if (circleDistance.y > (rect.height/2 + circle.r)) { return false; }

    if (circleDistance.x <= (rect.width/2)) { return true; } 
    if (circleDistance.y <= (rect.height/2)) { return true; }

    cornerDistance_sq = (circleDistance.x - rect.width/2)^2 +
                         (circleDistance.y - rect.height/2)^2;

    return (cornerDistance_sq <= (circle.r^2));
}

下面是它的工作原理:

The first pair of lines calculate the absolute values of the x and y difference between the center of the circle and the center of the rectangle. This collapses the four quadrants down into one, so that the calculations do not have to be done four times. The image shows the area in which the center of the circle must now lie. Note that only the single quadrant is shown. The rectangle is the grey area, and the red border outlines the critical area which is exactly one radius away from the edges of the rectangle. The center of the circle has to be within this red border for the intersection to occur. The second pair of lines eliminate the easy cases where the circle is far enough away from the rectangle (in either direction) that no intersection is possible. This corresponds to the green area in the image. The third pair of lines handle the easy cases where the circle is close enough to the rectangle (in either direction) that an intersection is guaranteed. This corresponds to the orange and grey sections in the image. Note that this step must be done after step 2 for the logic to make sense. The remaining lines calculate the difficult case where the circle may intersect the corner of the rectangle. To solve, compute the distance from the center of the circle and the corner, and then verify that the distance is not more than the radius of the circle. This calculation returns false for all circles whose center is within the red shaded area and returns true for all circles whose center is within the white shaded area.

有一种非常简单的方法来做到这一点，你必须在x和y上夹住一个点，但在正方形内部，当圆心在一个垂直轴上的两个正方形边界点之间时，你需要将这些坐标夹到平行轴上，只是要确保夹住的坐标不超过正方形的限制。 然后只需得到圆心与夹紧坐标之间的距离，并检查距离是否小于圆的半径。

以下是我是如何做到的(前4个点是方坐标，其余是圆点):

bool DoesCircleImpactBox(float x, float y, float x1, float y1, float xc, float yc, float radius){
    float ClampedX=0;
    float ClampedY=0;
    
    if(xc>=x and xc<=x1){
    ClampedX=xc;
    }
    
    if(yc>=y and yc<=y1){
    ClampedY=yc;
    }
    
    radius = radius+1;
    
    if(xc<x) ClampedX=x;
    if(xc>x1) ClampedX=x1-1;
    if(yc<y) ClampedY=y;
    if(yc>y1) ClampedY=y1-1;
    
    float XDif=ClampedX-xc;
    XDif=XDif*XDif;
    float YDif=ClampedY-yc;
    YDif=YDif*YDif;
    
    if(XDif+YDif<=radius*radius) return true;
    
    return false;
}