如何计算两个GPS坐标之间的距离(使用经纬度)?
当前回答
Unity版本c#
Haversine Algorithm。
public float Distance(float lat1, float lon1, float lat2, float lon2)
{
var earthRadiusKm = 6371;
var dLat = (lat2 - lat1) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
var dLon = (lon2 - lon1) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
var a = Mathf.Sin(dLat / 2) * Mathf.Sin(dLat / 2) +
Mathf.Sin(dLon / 2) * Mathf.Sin(dLon / 2) *
Mathf.Cos(lat1 * Mathf.Rad2Deg) * Mathf.Cos(lat2 * Mathf.Rad2Deg);
var c = 2 * Mathf.Atan2(Mathf.Sqrt(a), Mathf.Sqrt(1 - a));
return earthRadiusKm * c;
}
其他回答
我猜你想让它沿着地球的曲率运动。你的两点和地心在一个平面上。地球的中心是这个平面上的圆心,这两个点(大致)在这个圆的周长上。由此你可以通过求一点到另一点的角度来计算距离。
如果点的高度不一样,或者如果你需要考虑地球不是一个完美的球体,这就有点困难了。
我认为R中的一个算法版本仍然缺失:
gpsdistance<-function(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2){
# internal function to change deg to rad
degreesToRadians<- function (degrees) {
return (degrees * pi / 180)
}
R<-6371e3 #radius of Earth in meters
phi1<-degreesToRadians(lat1) # latitude 1
phi2<-degreesToRadians(lat2) # latitude 2
lambda1<-degreesToRadians(lon1) # longitude 1
lambda2<-degreesToRadians(lon2) # longitude 2
delta_phi<-phi1-phi2 # latitude-distance
delta_lambda<-lambda1-lambda2 # longitude-distance
a<-sin(delta_phi/2)*sin(delta_phi/2)+
cos(phi1)*cos(phi2)*sin(delta_lambda/2)*
sin(delta_lambda/2)
cc<-2*atan2(sqrt(a),sqrt(1-a))
distance<- R * cc
return(distance) # in meters
}
对于java
public static double degreesToRadians(double degrees) {
return degrees * Math.PI / 180;
}
public static double distanceInKmBetweenEarthCoordinates(Location location1, Location location2) {
double earthRadiusKm = 6371;
double dLat = degreesToRadians(location2.getLatitude()-location1.getLatitude());
double dLon = degreesToRadians(location2.getLongitude()-location1.getLongitude());
double lat1 = degreesToRadians(location1.getLatitude());
double lat2 = degreesToRadians(location2.getLatitude());
double a = Math.sin(dLat/2) * Math.sin(dLat/2) +
Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.cos(lat1) * Math.cos(lat2);
double c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a));
return earthRadiusKm * c;
}
下面是答案中的Swift实现
func degreesToRadians(degrees: Double) -> Double {
return degrees * Double.pi / 180
}
func distanceInKmBetweenEarthCoordinates(lat1: Double, lon1: Double, lat2: Double, lon2: Double) -> Double {
let earthRadiusKm: Double = 6371
let dLat = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat2 - lat1)
let dLon = degreesToRadians(degrees: lon2 - lon1)
let lat1 = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat1)
let lat2 = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat2)
let a = sin(dLat/2) * sin(dLat/2) +
sin(dLon/2) * sin(dLon/2) * cos(lat1) * cos(lat2)
let c = 2 * atan2(sqrt(a), sqrt(1 - a))
return earthRadiusKm * c
}
在我的项目中,我需要计算很多点之间的距离,所以我继续尝试优化我在这里找到的代码。平均而言,在不同的浏览器中,我的新实现的运行速度比获得最多好评的答案快2倍。
function distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
var p = 0.017453292519943295; // Math.PI / 180
var c = Math.cos;
var a = 0.5 - c((lat2 - lat1) * p)/2 +
c(lat1 * p) * c(lat2 * p) *
(1 - c((lon2 - lon1) * p))/2;
return 12742 * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(a)); // 2 * R; R = 6371 km
}
您可以在这里使用我的jsPerf并查看结果。
最近我需要在python中做同样的事情,所以这里是一个python实现:
from math import cos, asin, sqrt
def distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2):
p = 0.017453292519943295
a = 0.5 - cos((lat2 - lat1) * p)/2 + cos(lat1 * p) * cos(lat2 * p) * (1 - cos((lon2 - lon1) * p)) / 2
return 12742 * asin(sqrt(a))
为了完整起见:维基上的Haversine。