如何计算两个GPS坐标之间的距离(使用经纬度)?


当前回答

Unity版本c#

Haversine Algorithm。

public float Distance(float lat1, float lon1, float lat2, float lon2)
{
    var earthRadiusKm = 6371;

    var dLat = (lat2 - lat1) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
    var dLon = (lon2 - lon1) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;

    var a = Mathf.Sin(dLat / 2) * Mathf.Sin(dLat / 2) +
            Mathf.Sin(dLon / 2) * Mathf.Sin(dLon / 2) * 
            Mathf.Cos(lat1 * Mathf.Rad2Deg) * Mathf.Cos(lat2 * Mathf.Rad2Deg);

    var c = 2 * Mathf.Atan2(Mathf.Sqrt(a), Mathf.Sqrt(1 - a));
    return earthRadiusKm * c;
}

其他回答

我猜你想让它沿着地球的曲率运动。你的两点和地心在一个平面上。地球的中心是这个平面上的圆心,这两个点(大致)在这个圆的周长上。由此你可以通过求一点到另一点的角度来计算距离。

如果点的高度不一样,或者如果你需要考虑地球不是一个完美的球体,这就有点困难了。

我认为R中的一个算法版本仍然缺失:

gpsdistance<-function(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2){

# internal function to change deg to rad

degreesToRadians<- function (degrees) {
return (degrees * pi / 180)
}

R<-6371e3  #radius of Earth in meters

phi1<-degreesToRadians(lat1) # latitude 1
phi2<-degreesToRadians(lat2) # latitude 2
lambda1<-degreesToRadians(lon1) # longitude 1
lambda2<-degreesToRadians(lon2) # longitude 2

delta_phi<-phi1-phi2 # latitude-distance
delta_lambda<-lambda1-lambda2 # longitude-distance

a<-sin(delta_phi/2)*sin(delta_phi/2)+
cos(phi1)*cos(phi2)*sin(delta_lambda/2)*
sin(delta_lambda/2)

cc<-2*atan2(sqrt(a),sqrt(1-a))

distance<- R * cc

return(distance)  # in meters
}

对于java

public static double degreesToRadians(double degrees) {
    return degrees * Math.PI / 180;
}

public static double distanceInKmBetweenEarthCoordinates(Location location1, Location location2) {
    double earthRadiusKm = 6371;

    double dLat = degreesToRadians(location2.getLatitude()-location1.getLatitude());
    double dLon = degreesToRadians(location2.getLongitude()-location1.getLongitude());

    double lat1 = degreesToRadians(location1.getLatitude());
    double lat2 = degreesToRadians(location2.getLatitude());

    double a = Math.sin(dLat/2) * Math.sin(dLat/2) +
            Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.cos(lat1) * Math.cos(lat2);
    double c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a));
    return earthRadiusKm * c;
}

下面是答案中的Swift实现

func degreesToRadians(degrees: Double) -> Double {
    return degrees * Double.pi / 180
}

func distanceInKmBetweenEarthCoordinates(lat1: Double, lon1: Double, lat2: Double, lon2: Double) -> Double {

    let earthRadiusKm: Double = 6371

    let dLat = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat2 - lat1)
    let dLon = degreesToRadians(degrees: lon2 - lon1)

    let lat1 = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat1)
    let lat2 = degreesToRadians(degrees: lat2)

    let a = sin(dLat/2) * sin(dLat/2) +
    sin(dLon/2) * sin(dLon/2) * cos(lat1) * cos(lat2)
    let c = 2 * atan2(sqrt(a), sqrt(1 - a))
    return earthRadiusKm * c
}

在我的项目中,我需要计算很多点之间的距离,所以我继续尝试优化我在这里找到的代码。平均而言,在不同的浏览器中,我的新实现的运行速度比获得最多好评的答案快2倍。

function distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
  var p = 0.017453292519943295;    // Math.PI / 180
  var c = Math.cos;
  var a = 0.5 - c((lat2 - lat1) * p)/2 + 
          c(lat1 * p) * c(lat2 * p) * 
          (1 - c((lon2 - lon1) * p))/2;

  return 12742 * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(a)); // 2 * R; R = 6371 km
}

您可以在这里使用我的jsPerf并查看结果。

最近我需要在python中做同样的事情,所以这里是一个python实现:

from math import cos, asin, sqrt
def distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2):
    p = 0.017453292519943295
    a = 0.5 - cos((lat2 - lat1) * p)/2 + cos(lat1 * p) * cos(lat2 * p) * (1 - cos((lon2 - lon1) * p)) / 2
    return 12742 * asin(sqrt(a))

为了完整起见:维基上的Haversine。