您可以尝试以下查询：

USE AdventureWorks
GO
SELECT t.name AS table_name,
SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) AS schema_name,
c.name AS column_name
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.OBJECT_ID = c.OBJECT_ID
WHERE c.name LIKE '%myName%'

下面是Sybase数据库的工作解决方案

select 
  t.table_name, 
  c.column_name 
from 
  systab as t key join systabcol as c 
where 
   c.column_name = 'MyColumnName'

SELECT  [TABLE_NAME] ,
        [INFORMATION_SCHEMA].COLUMNS.COLUMN_NAME
FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS.COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%NAME%' ;

为了改进上面的答案，我还包括了视图，并将模式和表/视图连接在一起，使结果更加明显。

DECLARE @COLUMNNAME AS VARCHAR(100);

SET @COLUMNNAME = '%Absence%';

SELECT CASE
           WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
           THEN 'View'
           WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
           THEN 'View'
           ELSE 'Table'
       END AS [TYPE], '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                                          WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                                          THEN [V].[NAME]
                                                          WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                                          THEN [V].[NAME]
                                                          ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                                      END + ']' AS [TABLE], [C].[NAME] AS [COLUMN]
FROM [SYS].[SCHEMAS] AS [S] LEFT JOIN [SYS].[TABLES] AS [T] ON [S].SCHEMA_ID = [T].SCHEMA_ID
                            LEFT JOIN [SYS].[VIEWS] AS [V] ON [S].SCHEMA_ID = [V].SCHEMA_ID
                            INNER JOIN [SYS].[COLUMNS] AS [C] ON [T].OBJECT_ID = [C].OBJECT_ID
                                                                 OR
                                                                 [V].OBJECT_ID = [C].OBJECT_ID
                            INNER JOIN [SYS].[TYPES] AS [TY] ON [C].[SYSTEM_TYPE_ID] = [TY].[SYSTEM_TYPE_ID]
WHERE [C].[NAME] LIKE @COLUMNNAME
GROUP BY '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                         END + ']', [T].[NAME], [C].[NAME], [S].[NAME]
ORDER BY '[' + [S].[NAME] + '].' + '[' + CASE
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                             THEN [V].[NAME]
                                             ELSE [T].[NAME]
                                         END + ']', CASE
                                                        WHEN [T].[NAME] IS NULL
                                                        THEN 'View'
                                                        WHEN [T].[NAME] = ''
                                                        THEN 'View'
                                                        ELSE 'Table'
                                                    END, [T].[NAME], [C].[NAME];

USE AdventureWorks

GO

SELECT t.name AS table_name, SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) AS schema_name,
 c.name AS column_name
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.OBJECT_ID = c.OBJECT_ID
WHERE c.name LIKE '%EmployeeID%'
ORDER BY schema_name, table_name; 

来自Pinal Sir博客

此外，还可以找到具有指定模式的列名。

SELECT 'DBName' AS DBName,
       column_name,
       table_name,
       table_schema
FROM   dbname.information_schema.columns
WHERE  column_name LIKE '%YourColumnName%'
       AND table_schema IN ( 'YourSchemaName' ) 

您还可以在多个数据库中找到同一列。

SELECT 'DBName1' AS DB,
       column_name,
       table_name,
       table_schema
FROM   dbname1.information_schema.columns
WHERE  column_name LIKE '%YourColumnName%'
UNION
SELECT 'DBName2' AS DB,
       column_name,
       table_name,
       table_schema
FROM   dbname2.information_schema.columns
WHERE  column_name LIKE '%YourColumnName%'