诀窍是将算法状态表示为“增量计数器”=“+”和“输出计数器”=“!”字符的压缩流，这是一个整数多集。例如，集合{0,3,3,4}将被表示为“!+++!!+!”，后面跟着任意数量的“+”字符。要修改多集，您可以输出字符，每次只保持恒定的解压缩量，并在以压缩形式流回之前进行适当的更改。

细节

我们知道最终集合中恰好有10^6个数字，所以最多有10^6个“!”字符。我们还知道我们的范围大小为10^8，这意味着最多有10^8个“+”字符。10^6 "的排列方式!s在10^8 "+"s中的值是(10^8 + 10^6)选10^6，因此指定某种特定的排列需要大约0.965 MiB '的数据。那太紧了。

我们可以独立对待每个角色而不超出我们的配额。“+”字符正好是“!”字符的100倍，如果我们忘记了它们是相互依赖的，那么每个字符是“+”的概率就简化为100:1。100:101的几率对应于每个字符0.08位，对于几乎相同的~0.965 MiB(忽略依赖关系在这种情况下只有~12位的代价!)

The simplest technique for storing independent characters with known prior probability is Huffman coding. Note that we need an impractically large tree (A huffman tree for blocks of 10 characters has an average cost per block of about 2.4 bits, for a total of ~2.9 Mib. A huffman tree for blocks of 20 characters has an average cost per block of about 3 bits, which is a total of ~1.8 MiB. We're probably going to need a block of size on the order of a hundred, implying more nodes in our tree than all the computer equipment that has ever existed can store.). However, ROM is technically "free" according to the problem and practical solutions that take advantage of the regularity in the tree will look essentially the same.

伪代码

Have a sufficiently large huffman tree (or similar block-by-block compression data) stored in ROM Start with a compressed string of 10^8 "+" characters. To insert the number N, stream out the compressed string until N "+" characters have gone past then insert a "!". Stream the recompressed string back over the previous one as you go, keeping a constant amount of buffered blocks to avoid over/under-runs. Repeat one million times: [input, stream decompress>insert>compress], then decompress to output

你试过转换成十六进制吗?

我可以看到前后文件大小都有了很大的减小;然后，用自由空间分步计算。也许，再次转换为dec, order，十六进制，另一个块，转换为dec, order…

对不起. .我不知道是否可行

# for i in {1..10000};do echo $(od -N1 -An -i /dev/urandom) ; done > 10000numbers
# for i in $(cat 10000numbers ); do printf '%x\n' $i; done > 10000numbers_hex
# ls -lah total 100K
drwxr-xr-x  2 diego diego 4,0K oct 22 22:32 .
drwx------ 39 diego diego  12K oct 22 22:31 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 diego diego  29K oct 22 22:33 10000numbers_hex
-rw-r--r--  1 diego diego  35K oct 22 22:31 10000numbers

你用的是哪种电脑?它可能没有任何其他“正常”的本地存储，但它是否有视频RAM，例如?100万像素x每像素32位(比如说)非常接近你所需的数据输入大小。

(我主要是问旧的Acorn RISC PC的内存，如果你选择低分辨率或低颜色深度的屏幕模式，它可以“借用”VRAM来扩展可用的系统RAM !)这在只有几MB普通RAM的机器上非常有用。

If the numbers are evenly distributed we can use Counting sort. We should keep the number of times that each number is repeated in an array. Available space is: 1 MB - 3 KB = 1045504 B or 8364032 bits Number of bits per number= 8364032/1000000 = 8 Therefore, we can store the number of times each number is repeated to the maximum of 2^8-1=255. Using this approach we have an extra 364032 bits unused that can be used to handle cases where a number is repeated more than 255 times. For example we can say a number 255 indicates a repetition greater than or equal to 255. In this case we should store a sequence of numbers+repetitions. We can handle 7745 special cases as shown bellow:

364032/(表示每个数字所需的位数+表示100万所需的位数)= 364032 / (27+20)=7745

在10^8的范围内有10^6个值，所以平均每100个码点有一个值。存储第N个点到第(N+1)个点的距离。重复值的跳过值为0。这意味着跳跃平均需要7比特来存储，所以100万个跳跃将很适合我们的800万比特存储空间。

这些跳跃需要被编码成一个比特流，比如通过霍夫曼编码。插入是通过遍历比特流并在新值之后重写。通过遍历并写出隐含值来输出。出于实用性考虑，它可能被做成10^4个列表，每个列表包含10^4个代码点(平均100个值)。

随机数据的霍夫曼树可以通过假设跳跃长度上的泊松分布(均值=方差=100)先验地构建，但可以在输入上保留真实的统计数据，并用于生成处理病理病例的最佳树。

我想试试基数树。如果可以将数据存储在树中，那么就可以执行顺序遍历来传输数据。

我不确定你是否能把它装进1MB，但我认为值得一试。