在Python中如何找到列表的中值?列表可以是任意大小的，并且数字不保证是任何特定的顺序。
如果列表包含偶数个元素，则函数应返回中间两个元素的平均值。
以下是一些例子(为了便于展示，进行了排序):
median([1]) == 1
median([1, 1]) == 1
median([1, 1, 2, 4]) == 1.5
median([0, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 9]) == 6
median([0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 6, 8]) == 2
当前回答
一个返回给定列表中值的简单函数:
def median(lst):
lst = sorted(lst) # Sort the list first
if len(lst) % 2 == 0: # Checking if the length is even
# Applying formula which is sum of middle two divided by 2
return (lst[len(lst) // 2] + lst[(len(lst) - 1) // 2]) / 2
else:
# If length is odd then get middle value
return lst[len(lst) // 2]
一些关于中值函数的例子:
>>> median([9, 12, 20, 21, 34, 80]) # Even
20.5
>>> median([9, 12, 80, 21, 34]) # Odd
21
如果你想使用库，你可以简单地做:
>>> import statistics
>>> statistics.median([9, 12, 20, 21, 34, 80]) # Even
20.5
>>> statistics.median([9, 12, 80, 21, 34]) # Odd
21
其他回答
以下是我在Codecademy的练习中得出的结论:
def median(data):
new_list = sorted(data)
if len(new_list)%2 > 0:
return new_list[len(new_list)/2]
elif len(new_list)%2 == 0:
return (new_list[(len(new_list)/2)] + new_list[(len(new_list)/2)-1]) /2.0
print median([1,2,3,4,5,9])
这很简单;
def median(alist):
#to find median you will have to sort the list first
sList = sorted(alist)
first = 0
last = len(sList)-1
midpoint = (first + last)//2
return midpoint
你可以这样使用返回值median = median(anyList)
更普遍的中位数(和百分位数)方法是:
def get_percentile(data, percentile):
# Get the number of observations
cnt=len(data)
# Sort the list
data=sorted(data)
# Determine the split point
i=(cnt-1)*percentile
# Find the `floor` of the split point
diff=i-int(i)
# Return the weighted average of the value above and below the split point
return data[int(i)]*(1-diff)+data[int(i)+1]*(diff)
# Data
data=[1,2,3,4,5]
# For the median
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.50))
# > 3
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.75))
# > 4
# Note the weighted average difference when an int is not returned by the percentile
print(get_percentile(data=data, percentile=.51))
# > 3.04
import numpy as np
def get_median(xs):
mid = len(xs) // 2 # Take the mid of the list
if len(xs) % 2 == 1: # check if the len of list is odd
return sorted(xs)[mid] #if true then mid will be median after sorting
else:
#return 0.5 * sum(sorted(xs)[mid - 1:mid + 1])
return 0.5 * np.sum(sorted(xs)[mid - 1:mid + 1]) #if false take the avg of mid
print(get_median([7, 7, 3, 1, 4, 5]))
print(get_median([1,2,3, 4,5]))
一个返回给定列表中值的简单函数:
def median(lst):
lst = sorted(lst) # Sort the list first
if len(lst) % 2 == 0: # Checking if the length is even
# Applying formula which is sum of middle two divided by 2
return (lst[len(lst) // 2] + lst[(len(lst) - 1) // 2]) / 2
else:
# If length is odd then get middle value
return lst[len(lst) // 2]
一些关于中值函数的例子:
>>> median([9, 12, 20, 21, 34, 80]) # Even
20.5
>>> median([9, 12, 80, 21, 34]) # Odd
21
如果你想使用库，你可以简单地做:
>>> import statistics
>>> statistics.median([9, 12, 20, 21, 34, 80]) # Even
20.5
>>> statistics.median([9, 12, 80, 21, 34]) # Odd
21
