我有一个Python脚本，它把一个整数列表作为输入，我需要一次处理四个整数。不幸的是，我无法控制输入，否则我将它作为一个四元素元组列表传入。目前，我以这种方式迭代它:
for i in range(0, len(ints), 4):
# dummy op for example code
foo += ints[i] * ints[i + 1] + ints[i + 2] * ints[i + 3]
不过，它看起来很像“C-think”，这让我怀疑有一种更python的方式来处理这种情况。该列表在迭代后被丢弃，因此不需要保留。也许这样会更好?
while ints:
foo += ints[0] * ints[1] + ints[2] * ints[3]
ints[0:4] = []
不过，感觉还是不太对。: - /
相关问题:在Python中如何将列表分割成大小均匀的块?
当前回答
def chunker(iterable, n):
"""Yield iterable in chunk sizes.
>>> chunks = chunker('ABCDEF', n=4)
>>> chunks.next()
['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
>>> chunks.next()
['E', 'F']
"""
it = iter(iterable)
while True:
chunk = []
for i in range(n):
try:
chunk.append(next(it))
except StopIteration:
yield chunk
raise StopIteration
yield chunk
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
其他回答
我希望通过将迭代器从列表中删除，我不是简单地复制列表的一部分。生成器可以被切片，它们将自动仍然是一个生成器，而列表将被切片成1000个条目的大块，这是较低的效率。
def iter_group(iterable, batch_size:int):
length = len(iterable)
start = batch_size*-1
end = 0
while(end < length):
start += batch_size
end += batch_size
if type(iterable) == list:
yield (iterable[i] for i in range(start,min(length-1,end)))
else:
yield iterable[start:end]
用法:
items = list(range(1,1251))
for item_group in iter_group(items, 1000):
for item in item_group:
print(item)
from itertools import izip_longest
def chunker(iterable, chunksize, filler):
return izip_longest(*[iter(iterable)]*chunksize, fillvalue=filler)
这个答案拆分了一个字符串列表，f.ex。达到符合pep8线长的要求:
def split(what, target_length=79):
'''splits list of strings into sublists, each
having string length at most 79'''
out = [[]]
while what:
if len("', '".join(out[-1])) + len(what[0]) < target_length:
out[-1].append(what.pop(0))
else:
if not out[-1]: # string longer than target_length
out[-1] = [what.pop(0)]
out.append([])
return out
使用
>>> split(['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred', 'shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other', 'director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person', 'from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments', 'exercised_stock_options'], 75)
[['deferred_income', 'long_term_incentive', 'restricted_stock_deferred'], ['shared_receipt_with_poi', 'loan_advances', 'from_messages', 'other'], ['director_fees', 'bonus', 'total_stock_value', 'from_poi_to_this_person'], ['from_this_person_to_poi', 'restricted_stock', 'salary', 'total_payments'], ['exercised_stock_options']]
关于J.F. Sebastian给出的解决方案:
def chunker(iterable, chunksize):
return zip(*[iter(iterable)]*chunksize)
它很聪明，但有一个缺点——总是返回元组。如何获得字符串代替? 当然，你可以写“.join(chunker(…))”，但无论如何都要构造临时元组。
你可以通过编写自己的zip来摆脱临时元组，就像这样:
class IteratorExhausted(Exception):
pass
def translate_StopIteration(iterable, to=IteratorExhausted):
for i in iterable:
yield i
raise to # StopIteration would get ignored because this is generator,
# but custom exception can leave the generator.
def custom_zip(*iterables, reductor=tuple):
iterators = tuple(map(translate_StopIteration, iterables))
while True:
try:
yield reductor(next(i) for i in iterators)
except IteratorExhausted: # when any of iterators get exhausted.
break
Then
def chunker(data, size, reductor=tuple):
return custom_zip(*[iter(data)]*size, reductor=reductor)
使用示例:
>>> for i in chunker('12345', 2):
... print(repr(i))
...
('1', '2')
('3', '4')
>>> for i in chunker('12345', 2, ''.join):
... print(repr(i))
...
'12'
'34'
more-itertools包有一个分块方法，它可以做到这一点:
import more_itertools
for s in more_itertools.chunked(range(9), 4):
print(s)
打印
[0, 1, 2, 3]
[4, 5, 6, 7]
[8]
Chunked返回列表中的项。如果你更喜欢迭代对象，可以使用ichunked。
