我如何确定两条直线是否相交,如果相交,在x,y点处?
当前回答
我试过其中一些答案,但它们对我不起作用(对不起伙计们);在网上搜索之后,我找到了这个。
对他的代码做了一点修改,我现在有了这个函数,它将返回交点,如果没有找到交点,它将返回- 1,1。
Public Function intercetion(ByVal ax As Integer, ByVal ay As Integer, ByVal bx As Integer, ByVal by As Integer, ByVal cx As Integer, ByVal cy As Integer, ByVal dx As Integer, ByVal dy As Integer) As Point
'// Determines the intersection point of the line segment defined by points A and B
'// with the line segment defined by points C and D.
'//
'// Returns YES if the intersection point was found, and stores that point in X,Y.
'// Returns NO if there is no determinable intersection point, in which case X,Y will
'// be unmodified.
Dim distAB, theCos, theSin, newX, ABpos As Double
'// Fail if either line segment is zero-length.
If ax = bx And ay = by Or cx = dx And cy = dy Then Return New Point(-1, -1)
'// Fail if the segments share an end-point.
If ax = cx And ay = cy Or bx = cx And by = cy Or ax = dx And ay = dy Or bx = dx And by = dy Then Return New Point(-1, -1)
'// (1) Translate the system so that point A is on the origin.
bx -= ax
by -= ay
cx -= ax
cy -= ay
dx -= ax
dy -= ay
'// Discover the length of segment A-B.
distAB = Math.Sqrt(bx * bx + by * by)
'// (2) Rotate the system so that point B is on the positive X axis.
theCos = bx / distAB
theSin = by / distAB
newX = cx * theCos + cy * theSin
cy = cy * theCos - cx * theSin
cx = newX
newX = dx * theCos + dy * theSin
dy = dy * theCos - dx * theSin
dx = newX
'// Fail if segment C-D doesn't cross line A-B.
If cy < 0 And dy < 0 Or cy >= 0 And dy >= 0 Then Return New Point(-1, -1)
'// (3) Discover the position of the intersection point along line A-B.
ABpos = dx + (cx - dx) * dy / (dy - cy)
'// Fail if segment C-D crosses line A-B outside of segment A-B.
If ABpos < 0 Or ABpos > distAB Then Return New Point(-1, -1)
'// (4) Apply the discovered position to line A-B in the original coordinate system.
'*X=Ax+ABpos*theCos
'*Y=Ay+ABpos*theSin
'// Success.
Return New Point(ax + ABpos * theCos, ay + ABpos * theSin)
End Function
其他回答
上面有很多解决方案,但我认为下面的解决方案很简单,很容易理解。
矢量AB和矢量CD相交当且仅当
端点a和b在线段CD的两边。 端点c和d在线段AB的对边。
更具体地说,a和b在线段CD的对面当且仅当两个三元组中有一个是逆时针顺序的。
Intersect(a, b, c, d)
if CCW(a, c, d) == CCW(b, c, d)
return false;
else if CCW(a, b, c) == CCW(a, b, d)
return false;
else
return true;
这里的CCW代表逆时针,根据点的方向返回真/假。
来源:http://compgeom.cs.uiuc.edu/~jeffe/teaching/373/notes/x06-sweepline.pdf 第二页
一个c++程序,用于检查两条给定线段是否相交
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Point
{
int x;
int y;
};
// Given three colinear points p, q, r, the function checks if
// point q lies on line segment 'pr'
bool onSegment(Point p, Point q, Point r)
{
if (q.x <= max(p.x, r.x) && q.x >= min(p.x, r.x) &&
q.y <= max(p.y, r.y) && q.y >= min(p.y, r.y))
return true;
return false;
}
// To find orientation of ordered triplet (p, q, r).
// The function returns following values
// 0 --> p, q and r are colinear
// 1 --> Clockwise
// 2 --> Counterclockwise
int orientation(Point p, Point q, Point r)
{
// See 10th slides from following link for derivation of the formula
// http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~pat/52233/slides/Geometry1x1.pdf
int val = (q.y - p.y) * (r.x - q.x) -
(q.x - p.x) * (r.y - q.y);
if (val == 0) return 0; // colinear
return (val > 0)? 1: 2; // clock or counterclock wise
}
// The main function that returns true if line segment 'p1q1'
// and 'p2q2' intersect.
bool doIntersect(Point p1, Point q1, Point p2, Point q2)
{
// Find the four orientations needed for general and
// special cases
int o1 = orientation(p1, q1, p2);
int o2 = orientation(p1, q1, q2);
int o3 = orientation(p2, q2, p1);
int o4 = orientation(p2, q2, q1);
// General case
if (o1 != o2 && o3 != o4)
return true;
// Special Cases
// p1, q1 and p2 are colinear and p2 lies on segment p1q1
if (o1 == 0 && onSegment(p1, p2, q1)) return true;
// p1, q1 and p2 are colinear and q2 lies on segment p1q1
if (o2 == 0 && onSegment(p1, q2, q1)) return true;
// p2, q2 and p1 are colinear and p1 lies on segment p2q2
if (o3 == 0 && onSegment(p2, p1, q2)) return true;
// p2, q2 and q1 are colinear and q1 lies on segment p2q2
if (o4 == 0 && onSegment(p2, q1, q2)) return true;
return false; // Doesn't fall in any of the above cases
}
// Driver program to test above functions
int main()
{
struct Point p1 = {1, 1}, q1 = {10, 1};
struct Point p2 = {1, 2}, q2 = {10, 2};
doIntersect(p1, q1, p2, q2)? cout << "Yes\n": cout << "No\n";
p1 = {10, 0}, q1 = {0, 10};
p2 = {0, 0}, q2 = {10, 10};
doIntersect(p1, q1, p2, q2)? cout << "Yes\n": cout << "No\n";
p1 = {-5, -5}, q1 = {0, 0};
p2 = {1, 1}, q2 = {10, 10};
doIntersect(p1, q1, p2, q2)? cout << "Yes\n": cout << "No\n";
return 0;
}
我尝试了很多方法,然后我决定自己写。就是这样:
bool IsBetween (float x, float b1, float b2)
{
return ( ((x >= (b1 - 0.1f)) &&
(x <= (b2 + 0.1f))) ||
((x >= (b2 - 0.1f)) &&
(x <= (b1 + 0.1f))));
}
bool IsSegmentsColliding( POINTFLOAT lineA,
POINTFLOAT lineB,
POINTFLOAT line2A,
POINTFLOAT line2B)
{
float deltaX1 = lineB.x - lineA.x;
float deltaX2 = line2B.x - line2A.x;
float deltaY1 = lineB.y - lineA.y;
float deltaY2 = line2B.y - line2A.y;
if (abs(deltaX1) < 0.01f &&
abs(deltaX2) < 0.01f) // Both are vertical lines
return false;
if (abs((deltaY1 / deltaX1) -
(deltaY2 / deltaX2)) < 0.001f) // Two parallel line
return false;
float xCol = ( ( (deltaX1 * deltaX2) *
(line2A.y - lineA.y)) -
(line2A.x * deltaY2 * deltaX1) +
(lineA.x * deltaY1 * deltaX2)) /
((deltaY1 * deltaX2) - (deltaY2 * deltaX1));
float yCol = 0;
if (deltaX1 < 0.01f) // L1 is a vertical line
yCol = ((xCol * deltaY2) +
(line2A.y * deltaX2) -
(line2A.x * deltaY2)) / deltaX2;
else // L1 is acceptable
yCol = ((xCol * deltaY1) +
(lineA.y * deltaX1) -
(lineA.x * deltaY1)) / deltaX1;
bool isCol = IsBetween(xCol, lineA.x, lineB.x) &&
IsBetween(yCol, lineA.y, lineB.y) &&
IsBetween(xCol, line2A.x, line2B.x) &&
IsBetween(yCol, line2A.y, line2B.y);
return isCol;
}
根据这两个公式:(由直线方程和其他公式简化而来)
我将Kris的答案移植到JavaScript。在尝试了许多不同的答案后,他给出了正确的观点。我以为我要疯了,因为我没有得到我需要的分数。
function getLineLineCollision(p0, p1, p2, p3) {
var s1, s2;
s1 = {x: p1.x - p0.x, y: p1.y - p0.y};
s2 = {x: p3.x - p2.x, y: p3.y - p2.y};
var s10_x = p1.x - p0.x;
var s10_y = p1.y - p0.y;
var s32_x = p3.x - p2.x;
var s32_y = p3.y - p2.y;
var denom = s10_x * s32_y - s32_x * s10_y;
if(denom == 0) {
return false;
}
var denom_positive = denom > 0;
var s02_x = p0.x - p2.x;
var s02_y = p0.y - p2.y;
var s_numer = s10_x * s02_y - s10_y * s02_x;
if((s_numer < 0) == denom_positive) {
return false;
}
var t_numer = s32_x * s02_y - s32_y * s02_x;
if((t_numer < 0) == denom_positive) {
return false;
}
if((s_numer > denom) == denom_positive || (t_numer > denom) == denom_positive) {
return false;
}
var t = t_numer / denom;
var p = {x: p0.x + (t * s10_x), y: p0.y + (t * s10_y)};
return p;
}
我从《多视图几何》这本书里读到了这些算法
以下文本使用
'作为转置符号
*作为点积
当用作算子时,X作为叉乘
1. 线的定义
点x_vec = (x, y)'在直线ax + by + c = 0上
标记L = (a, b, c)',点为(x, y, 1)'为齐次坐标
直线方程可以写成
(x, y, 1)(a, b, c)' = 0或x' * L = 0
2. 直线交点
我们有两条直线L1=(a1, b1, c1)', L2=(a2, b2, c2)'
假设x是一个点,一个向量,x = L1 x L2 (L1叉乘L2)。
注意,x始终是一个二维点,如果你对(L1xL2)是一个三元素向量,x是一个二维坐标感到困惑,请阅读齐次坐标。
根据三重积,我们知道
L1 * (L1 x L2) = 0, L2 * (L1 x L2) = 0,因为L1,L2共平面
我们用向量x代替L1*x,那么L1*x=0, L2*x=0,这意味着x在L1和L2上,x是交点。
注意,这里x是齐次坐标,如果x的最后一个元素是零,这意味着L1和L2是平行的。