我需要在Java中连接两个字符串数组。

void f(String[] first, String[] second) {
    String[] both = ???
}

哪种方法最简单?


当前回答

这是我对约阿希姆·绍尔(Joachim Sauer)的concatAll略有改进的版本。它可以在Java5或6上运行,如果运行时可用,可以使用Java6的System.arraycopy。这个方法(IMHO)非常适合Android,因为它在Android<9(没有System.arraycopy)上运行,但如果可能的话,它将使用更快的方法。

  public static <T> T[] concatAll(T[] first, T[]... rest) {
    int totalLength = first.length;
    for (T[] array : rest) {
      totalLength += array.length;
    }
    T[] result;
    try {
      Method arraysCopyOf = Arrays.class.getMethod("copyOf", Object[].class, int.class);
      result = (T[]) arraysCopyOf.invoke(null, first, totalLength);
    } catch (Exception e){
      //Java 6 / Android >= 9 way didn't work, so use the "traditional" approach
      result = (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(first.getClass().getComponentType(), totalLength);
      System.arraycopy(first, 0, result, 0, first.length);
    }
    int offset = first.length;
    for (T[] array : rest) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, offset, array.length);
      offset += array.length;
    }
    return result;
  }

其他回答

这是可行的,但您需要插入自己的错误检查。

public class StringConcatenate {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        // Create two arrays to concatenate and one array to hold both
        String[] arr1 = new String[]{"s","t","r","i","n","g"};
        String[] arr2 = new String[]{"s","t","r","i","n","g"};
        String[] arrBoth = new String[arr1.length+arr2.length];

        // Copy elements from first array into first part of new array
        for(int i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++){
            arrBoth[i] = arr1[i];
        }

        // Copy elements from second array into last part of new array
        for(int j = arr1.length;j < arrBoth.length;j++){
            arrBoth[j] = arr2[j-arr1.length];
        }

        // Print result
        for(int k = 0; k < arrBoth.length; k++){
            System.out.print(arrBoth[k]);
        }

        // Additional line to make your terminal look better at completion!
        System.out.println();
    }
}

它可能不是最有效的,但除了Java自己的API之外,它不依赖其他任何东西。

下面是一个简单的方法,它将连接两个数组并返回结果:

public <T> T[] concatenate(T[] a, T[] b) {
    int aLen = a.length;
    int bLen = b.length;

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    T[] c = (T[]) Array.newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), aLen + bLen);
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, c, 0, aLen);
    System.arraycopy(b, 0, c, aLen, bLen);

    return c;
}

请注意,它不适用于基本数据类型,仅适用于对象类型。

以下稍微复杂一点的版本同时适用于对象数组和基元数组。它通过使用T而不是T[]作为参数类型来实现这一点。

它还可以通过选择最通用的类型作为结果的组件类型来连接两种不同类型的数组。

public static <T> T concatenate(T a, T b) {
    if (!a.getClass().isArray() || !b.getClass().isArray()) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }

    Class<?> resCompType;
    Class<?> aCompType = a.getClass().getComponentType();
    Class<?> bCompType = b.getClass().getComponentType();

    if (aCompType.isAssignableFrom(bCompType)) {
        resCompType = aCompType;
    } else if (bCompType.isAssignableFrom(aCompType)) {
        resCompType = bCompType;
    } else {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }

    int aLen = Array.getLength(a);
    int bLen = Array.getLength(b);

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    T result = (T) Array.newInstance(resCompType, aLen + bLen);
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, result, 0, aLen);
    System.arraycopy(b, 0, result, aLen, bLen);        

    return result;
}

下面是一个示例:

Assert.assertArrayEquals(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 }, concatenate(new int[] { 1, 2 }, new int[] { 3 }));
Assert.assertArrayEquals(new Number[] { 1, 2, 3f }, concatenate(new Integer[] { 1, 2 }, new Number[] { 3f }));
ArrayList<String> both = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(first));
both.addAll(Arrays.asList(second));

both.toArray(new String[0]);

算法爱好者的另一个答案是:

public static String[] mergeArrays(String[] array1, String[] array2) {
    int totalSize = array1.length + array2.length; // Get total size
    String[] merged = new String[totalSize]; // Create new array
    // Loop over the total size
    for (int i = 0; i < totalSize; i++) {
        if (i < array1.length) // If the current position is less than the length of the first array, take value from first array
            merged[i] = array1[i]; // Position in first array is the current position

        else // If current position is equal or greater than the first array, take value from second array.
            merged[i] = array2[i - array1.length]; // Position in second array is current position minus length of first array.
    }

    return merged;

用法:

String[] array1str = new String[]{"a", "b", "c", "d"}; 
String[] array2str = new String[]{"e", "f", "g", "h", "i"};
String[] listTotalstr = mergeArrays(array1str, array2str);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(listTotalstr));

结果:

[a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i]

我看到许多带有公共静态T[]concat(T[]a,T[]b){}等签名的通用答案,但据我所知,这些答案只适用于Object数组,而不适用于基元数组。下面的代码既适用于对象数组,也适用于基元数组,使其更通用。。。

public static <T> T concat(T a, T b) {
        //Handles both arrays of Objects and primitives! E.g., int[] out = concat(new int[]{6,7,8}, new int[]{9,10});
        //You get a compile error if argument(s) not same type as output. (int[] in example above)
        //You get a runtime error if output type is not an array, i.e., when you do something like: int out = concat(6,7);
        if (a == null && b == null) return null;
        if (a == null) return b;
        if (b == null) return a;
        final int aLen = Array.getLength(a);
        final int bLen = Array.getLength(b);
        if (aLen == 0) return b;
        if (bLen == 0) return a;
        //From here on we really need to concatenate!

        Class componentType = a.getClass().getComponentType();
        final T result = (T)Array.newInstance(componentType, aLen + bLen);
        System.arraycopy(a, 0, result, 0, aLen);
        System.arraycopy(b, 0, result, aLen, bLen);
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] out1 = concat(new String[]{"aap", "monkey"}, new String[]{"rat"});
        int[] out2 = concat(new int[]{6,7,8}, new int[]{9,10});
    }