我想推荐Gerard Meszaros的《xUnit测试模式》一书。它很大，但在单元测试方面是一个很好的资源。这里有一个链接到他的网站，在那里他讨论了单元测试的基础知识。http://xunitpatterns.com/XUnitBasics.html

在单元测试和TDD的哲学优势方面，这里有一些关键的“灯泡”观察，这些观察在我试探性地走上TDD启蒙之路的第一步时打动了我(没有原创或一定是新闻)……

TDD does NOT mean writing twice the amount of code. Test code is typically fairly quick and painless to write and is a key part of your design process and critically. TDD helps you to realize when to stop coding! Your tests give you confidence that you've done enough for now and can stop tweaking and move on to the next thing. The tests and the code work together to achieve better code. Your code could be bad / buggy. Your TEST could be bad / buggy. In TDD you are banking on the chances of BOTH being bad / buggy being fairly low. Often its the test that needs fixing but that's still a good outcome. TDD helps with coding constipation. You know that feeling that you have so much to do you barely know where to start? It's Friday afternoon, if you just procrastinate for a couple more hours... TDD allows you to flesh out very quickly what you think you need to do, and gets your coding moving quickly. Also, like lab rats, I think we all respond to that big green light and work harder to see it again! In a similar vein, these designer types can SEE what they're working on. They can wander off for a juice / cigarette / iphone break and return to a monitor that immediately gives them a visual cue as to where they got to. TDD gives us something similar. It's easier to see where we got to when life intervenes... I think it was Fowler who said: "Imperfect tests, run frequently, are much better than perfect tests that are never written at all". I interprete this as giving me permission to write tests where I think they'll be most useful even if the rest of my code coverage is woefully incomplete. TDD helps in all kinds of surprising ways down the line. Good unit tests can help document what something is supposed to do, they can help you migrate code from one project to another and give you an unwarranted feeling of superiority over your non-testing colleagues :)

这篇演讲很好地介绍了测试所需要的所有内容。

使用Testivus。你需要知道的都在那里:)

我在FoxForward 2007参加了一个关于单元测试的演讲，被告知永远不要对任何与数据相关的东西进行单元测试。毕竟，如果您在实时数据上进行测试，结果是不可预测的，如果您不在实时数据上进行测试，那么实际上并不是在测试您所编写的代码。不幸的是，这是我最近编写的大部分代码。: -)

最近，当我编写一个保存和恢复设置的例程时，我确实尝试了TDD。首先，我验证了是否可以创建存储对象。然后，它有我需要调用的方法。然后，我可以称之为。然后，我可以给它传递参数。然后，我可以给它传递特定的参数。依此类推，直到我最终验证它将保存指定的设置，允许我更改它，然后为几种不同的语法恢复它。

我没看完，因为我现在需要例行公事，但这是一个很好的练习。

测试驱动开发在某种程度上取代了单元测试这个术语。作为一个老手，我会提到它的更一般的定义。

单元测试还意味着测试一个较大系统中的单个组件。这个组件可以是dll、exe、类库等。它甚至可以是多系统应用程序中的单个系统。因此，单元测试最终是对一个更大系统的单个部分进行测试。

然后，您可以通过测试所有组件如何一起工作来进行集成测试或系统测试。

单元测试是一种实践，以确保您将要实现的功能或模块的行为符合预期(需求)，并确保它在边界条件和无效输入等场景下的行为。

xUnit, NUnit, mbUnit等都是帮助你编写测试的工具。