for (int i = 0; i <= Convert.ToInt32(Math.Truncate(Convert.ToDecimal(_string.Length / _chunkSize))); i++)
{
    var _currentChunk = _string.Substring(i * _chunkSize, Math.Min(_chunkSize, _string.Length - i * _chunkSize));
    //do something with current chunk 
}

修改(现在它接受任何非空字符串和任何正chunkSize) Konstantin Spirin的解决方案:

public static IEnumerable<String> Split(String value, int chunkSize) {
  if (null == value)
    throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
  else if (chunkSize <= 0)
    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("chunkSize", "Chunk size should be positive");

  return Enumerable
    .Range(0, value.Length / chunkSize + ((value.Length % chunkSize) == 0 ? 0 : 1))
    .Select(index => (index + 1) * chunkSize < value.Length 
      ? value.Substring(index * chunkSize, chunkSize)
      : value.Substring(index * chunkSize));
}

测试:

  String source = @"ABCDEF";

  // "ABCD,EF"
  String test1 = String.Join(",", Split(source, 4));
  // "AB,CD,EF"
  String test2 = String.Join(",", Split(source, 2));
  // "ABCDEF"
  String test3 = String.Join(",", Split(source, 123));

它基于@dove解决方案，但作为扩展方法实现。

好处:

扩展方法 涵盖角落案例 分割字符串与任何字符:数字，字母，其他符号

Code

public static class EnumerableEx
{    
    public static IEnumerable<string> SplitBy(this string str, int chunkLength)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(str)) throw new ArgumentException();
        if (chunkLength < 1) throw new ArgumentException();

        for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i += chunkLength)
        {
            if (chunkLength + i > str.Length)
                chunkLength = str.Length - i;

            yield return str.Substring(i, chunkLength);
        }
    }
}

使用

var result = "bobjoecat".SplitBy(3); // bob, joe, cat

为简洁起见，删除了单元测试(请参阅以前的修订版)

最近我不得不在工作中写一些东西来完成这个任务，所以我想我会把我对这个问题的解决方案贴出来。作为一个额外的好处，这个解决方案的功能提供了一种方法，以相反的方向分割字符串，并且它正确地处理上面Marvin Pinto提到的unicode字符。所以，就是这样:

using System;
using Extensions;

namespace TestCSharp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {    
            string asciiStr = "This is a string.";
            string unicodeStr = "これは文字列です。";

            string[] array1 = asciiStr.Split(4);
            string[] array2 = asciiStr.Split(-4);

            string[] array3 = asciiStr.Split(7);
            string[] array4 = asciiStr.Split(-7);

            string[] array5 = unicodeStr.Split(5);
            string[] array6 = unicodeStr.Split(-5);
        }
    }
}

namespace Extensions
{
    public static class StringExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>Returns a string array that contains the substrings in this string that are seperated a given fixed length.</summary>
        /// <param name="s">This string object.</param>
        /// <param name="length">Size of each substring.
        ///     <para>CASE: length &gt; 0 , RESULT: String is split from left to right.</para>
        ///     <para>CASE: length == 0 , RESULT: String is returned as the only entry in the array.</para>
        ///     <para>CASE: length &lt; 0 , RESULT: String is split from right to left.</para>
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>String array that has been split into substrings of equal length.</returns>
        /// <example>
        ///     <code>
        ///         string s = "1234567890";
        ///         string[] a = s.Split(4); // a == { "1234", "5678", "90" }
        ///     </code>
        /// </example>            
        public static string[] Split(this string s, int length)
        {
            System.Globalization.StringInfo str = new System.Globalization.StringInfo(s);

            int lengthAbs = Math.Abs(length);

            if (str == null || str.LengthInTextElements == 0 || lengthAbs == 0 || str.LengthInTextElements <= lengthAbs)
                return new string[] { str.ToString() };

            string[] array = new string[(str.LengthInTextElements % lengthAbs == 0 ? str.LengthInTextElements / lengthAbs: (str.LengthInTextElements / lengthAbs) + 1)];

            if (length > 0)
                for (int iStr = 0, iArray = 0; iStr < str.LengthInTextElements && iArray < array.Length; iStr += lengthAbs, iArray++)
                    array[iArray] = str.SubstringByTextElements(iStr, (str.LengthInTextElements - iStr < lengthAbs ? str.LengthInTextElements - iStr : lengthAbs));
            else // if (length < 0)
                for (int iStr = str.LengthInTextElements - 1, iArray = array.Length - 1; iStr >= 0 && iArray >= 0; iStr -= lengthAbs, iArray--)
                    array[iArray] = str.SubstringByTextElements((iStr - lengthAbs < 0 ? 0 : iStr - lengthAbs + 1), (iStr - lengthAbs < 0 ? iStr + 1 : lengthAbs));

            return array;
        }
    }
}

此外，这里还有一个运行此代码结果的图像链接:http://i.imgur.com/16Iih.png

最好，最简单和一般的答案:)。

    string originalString = "1111222233334444";
    List<string> test = new List<string>();
    int chunkSize = 4; // change 4 with the size of strings you want.
    for (int i = 0; i < originalString.Length; i = i + chunkSize)
    {
        if (originalString.Length - i >= chunkSize)
            test.Add(originalString.Substring(i, chunkSize));
        else
            test.Add(originalString.Substring(i,((originalString.Length - i))));
    }

我知道这个问题已经有很多年了，但是这里有一个Rx实现。它处理了长度% chunkSize != 0的问题:

   public static IEnumerable<string> Chunkify(this string input, int size)
        {
            if(size < 1)
                throw new ArgumentException("size must be greater than 0");

            return input.ToCharArray()
                .ToObservable()
                .Buffer(size)            
                .Select(x => new string(x.ToArray()))
                .ToEnumerable();
        }