我已经整理了一个完成这项工作的要点:https://gist.github.com/thiagoh/c24310b562d50a14f3e7602a82b4ef13

以下是你应该如何使用它:

import ExternalizedPromiseCreator from '../externalized-promise';

describe('ExternalizedPromise', () => {
  let fn: jest.Mock;
  let deferredFn: jest.Mock;
  let neverCalledFn: jest.Mock;
  beforeEach(() => {
    fn = jest.fn();
    deferredFn = jest.fn();
    neverCalledFn = jest.fn();
  });

  it('resolve should resolve the promise', done => {
    const externalizedPromise = ExternalizedPromiseCreator.create(() => fn());

    externalizedPromise
      .promise
      .then(() => deferredFn())
      .catch(() => neverCalledFn())
      .then(() => {
        expect(deferredFn).toHaveBeenCalled();
        expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
        done();
      });

    expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(neverCalledFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(deferredFn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();

    externalizedPromise.resolve();
  });
  ...
});

这里的许多答案与本文最后一个示例类似。 我正在缓存多个promise, resolve()和reject()函数可以分配给任何变量或属性。因此，我能够使这段代码更加紧凑:

function defer(obj) {
    obj.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        obj.resolve = resolve;
        obj.reject  = reject;
    });
}

下面是一个使用这个版本的defer()将一个FontFace加载承诺与另一个异步进程结合的简化示例:

function onDOMContentLoaded(evt) {
    let all = []; // array of Promises
    glob = {};    // global object used elsewhere
    defer(glob);
    all.push(glob.promise);
    // launch async process with callback = resolveGlob()

    const myFont = new FontFace("myFont", "url(myFont.woff2)");
    document.fonts.add(myFont);
    myFont.load();
    all.push[myFont];
    Promise.all(all).then(() => { runIt(); }, (v) => { alert(v); });
}
//...
function resolveGlob() {
    glob.resolve();
}
function runIt() {} // runs after all promises resolved 

更新:如果你想封装对象，有2个选择:

function defer(obj = {}) {
    obj.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        obj.resolve = resolve;
        obj.reject  = reject;
    });
    return obj;
}
let deferred = defer();

and

class Deferred {
    constructor() {
        this.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            this.resolve = resolve;
            this.reject  = reject;
        });
    }
}
let deferred = new Deferred();

我为此写了一个小库。https://www.npmjs.com/package/@inf3rno/promise.exposed

我使用了别人写的工厂方法，但是我也重写了then, catch, finally方法，所以你也可以通过这些方法解决原来的承诺。

在没有外部执行人的情况下解决承诺:

const promise = Promise.exposed().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

从外部与执行器的setTimeout赛跑:

const promise = Promise.exposed(function (resolve, reject){
    setTimeout(function (){
        resolve("I almost fell asleep.")
    }, 100000);
}).then(console.log);

setTimeout(function (){
    promise.resolve("I don't want to wait that much.");
}, 100);

如果你不想污染全局命名空间，有一个无冲突模式:

const createExposedPromise = require("@inf3rno/promise.exposed/noConflict");
const promise = createExposedPromise().then(console.log);
promise.resolve("This should show up in the console.");

我发现自己在某些情况下也忽略了Deferred模式。你总是可以在ES6的顶部创建一个:

export default class Deferred<T> {
    private _resolve: (value: T) => void = () => {};
    private _reject: (value: T) => void = () => {};

    private _promise: Promise<T> = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
        this._reject = reject;
        this._resolve = resolve;
    })

    public get promise(): Promise<T> {
        return this._promise;
    }

    public resolve(value: T) {
        this._resolve(value);
    }

    public reject(value: T) {
        this._reject(value);
    }
}

以防有人来找简化这个任务的util的typescript版本:

export const deferred = <T>() => {
  let resolve!: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void;
  let reject!: (reason?: any) => void;
  const promise = new Promise<T>((res, rej) => {
    resolve = res;
    reject = rej;
  });

  return {
    resolve,
    reject,
    promise,
  };
};

这可以用在。如:

const {promise, resolve} = deferred<string>();

promise.then((value) => console.log(value)); // nothing

resolve('foo'); // console.log: foo

helper方法可以减轻这种额外的开销，并给您同样的jQuery感觉。

function Deferred() {
    let resolve;
    let reject;
    const promise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
        resolve = res;
        reject = rej;
    });
    return { promise, resolve, reject };
}

用法是

const { promise, resolve, reject } = Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: resolve,
    cancel: reject
});
return promise;

它类似于jQuery

const dfd = $.Deferred();
displayConfirmationDialog({
    confirm: dfd.resolve,
    cancel: dfd.reject
});
return dfd.promise();

不过，在用例中，这种简单的本机语法就可以了

return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    displayConfirmationDialog({
        confirm: resolve,
        cancel: reject
    });
});